Thực hiện các phép cộng, trừ phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{{a - 1}}{{a + 1}} + \dfrac{{3 - a}}{{a + 1}}\) b) \(\dfrac{b}{{a - b}} + \dfrac{a}{{b - a}}\) c) \(\dfrac{{{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2}}}{{ab}} - \dfrac{{{{\left( {a - b} \right)}^2}}}{{ab}}\)
Thực hiện các phép cộng, trừ phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{a}{{a - 3}} - \dfrac{3}{{a + 3}}\) b) \(\dfrac{1}{{2x}} + \dfrac{2}{{{x^2}}}\) c) \(\dfrac{4}{{{x^2} - 1}} - \dfrac{2}{{{x^2} + x}}\)
`a, a/(a-3) - 3/(a+3) = (a(a+3) - 3(a-3))/(a^2-9)`
`= (a^2+9)/(a^2-9)`
`b, 1/(2x) + 2/x^2 = x/(2x^2) + 4/(2x^2) = (x+4)/(2x^2)`
`c, 4/(x^2-1) - 2/(x^2+x) = (4x)/(x(x-1)(x+1)) - (2(x-1))/(x(x+1)(x-1))`
`= (2x+2)/(x(x-1)(x+1)`
`= 2/(x(x-1))`
Thực hiện các phép cộng, trừ phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{1}{{2a}} + \dfrac{2}{{3b}}\)
b) \(\dfrac{{x - 1}}{{x + 1}} - \dfrac{{x + 1}}{{x - 1}}\)
c) \(\dfrac{{x + y}}{{xy}} - \dfrac{{y + z}}{{yz}}\)
d) \(\dfrac{2}{{x - 3}} - \dfrac{{12}}{{{x^2} - 9}}\)
e) \(\dfrac{1}{{x - 2}} + \dfrac{2}{{{x^2} - 4x + 4}}\)
a: \(=\dfrac{3b+4a}{6ab}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{x^2-2x+1-x^2-2x-1}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{-4x}{x^2-1}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{xz+yz-xy-xz}{xyz}=\dfrac{yz-xy}{xyz}=\dfrac{z-x}{xz}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{2x+6-12}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{2x-6}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{2}{x+3}\)
e: \(=\dfrac{x-2+2}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{x}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
Thực hiện các phép tính cộng, trừ phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{x}{{x + 3}} + \dfrac{{2 - x}}{{x + 3}}\) b) \(\dfrac{{{x^2}y}}{{x - y}} - \dfrac{{x{y^2}}}{{x - y}}\) c) \(\dfrac{{2x}}{{2x - y}} + \dfrac{y}{{y - 2x}}\)
\(a,\dfrac{x}{x+3}+\dfrac{2-x}{x+3}\\ =\dfrac{x+2-x}{x+3}\\ =\dfrac{2}{x+3}\\b,\dfrac{x^2y}{x-y}-\dfrac{xy^2}{x-y}\\ =\dfrac{x^2y-xy^2}{x-y}\\ =\dfrac{xy\left(x-y\right)}{x-y}\\ =xy\\ c,\dfrac{2x}{2x-y}+\dfrac{y}{y-2x}\\=\dfrac{2x}{2x-y}-\dfrac{y}{2x-y}\\ =\dfrac{2x-y}{2x-y}\\ =1 \)
`a, x/(x+3) + (2-x)/(x+3) = (x+2-x)/(x+3) = 2/(x+3)`
`b, (x^2y)/(x-y) - (xy^2)/(x-y) = (x^2y-xy^2)/(x-y) = (xy(x-y))/(x-y)= xy`
`c, (2x)/(2x-y) - (y)/(2x-y)`
`= (2x-y)/(2x-y) = 1`
Cho các biểu thức sau:
a. A = \(\dfrac{32}{a-1}\)
b. B = \(\dfrac{13}{a-1}\)
c. C = \(\dfrac{a+3}{a-2}\)
Tìm a ∈ Z để A, B, C là phân số
Để A,B,C là phân số thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-1< >0\\a-2< >0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a\in Z\backslash\left\{1;2\right\}\)
Cho a,b,c là các số thực dương. Chứng minh bất đẳng thức:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{ac+b^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Xét hiệu VT - VP
\(\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{ab+b^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{a^2+ab-bc-a^2}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2+bc-ac-b^2}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2+ac-ab-c^2}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
Do a,b,c bình đẳng nên giả sử a\(\ge\)b\(\ge\)c, khi đó \(b\left(a-c\right)\)\(\ge\)0, c(b-a)\(\le\)0, a(c-b)\(\le\)0
\(a^3\ge b^3\ge c^3=>abc+a^3\ge abc+b^3\ge abc+c^3\)=>\(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}\le\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\)
=> VT -VP \(\le\) \(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{ab-ac}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{ac-ab}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}-\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
mà \(\dfrac{1}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\) nên VT-VP <0 đpcm
Ta viết bất đẳng thức đã cho lại thành
\(\sum\left[\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{\left(a+b+2c\right)}{2\left(ab+c^2\right)}\right]\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{c\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a^2+bc\right)\left(b^2+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
Hay \(S_a\left(b-c\right)^2+S_b\left(c-a\right)^2+S_c\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\quad\left(1\right)\)
Vậy $VT\geq 0$ và $S_a+S_b\ge 0;S_b+S_c\ge 0.$ Nếu \(a\ge b\ge c\rightarrow VT\ge0\ge VP,\) ta chỉ xét \(a\le b\le c.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(S_a+S_b\right)\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(S_b+S_c\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left[\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}-2S_b\right]\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
Đặt \(c=a+x+y,b=a+x\Rightarrow x=b-a;y=c-b\left(x,y\ge0\right)\) thay vào rút gọn các thứ là đpcm.
P/s: Cách này khá trâu nhưng chịu thôi, bài này mình nghĩ khá chặt.
Xét các số thực dương \(a,b,c\) thỏa mãn \(abc=a+b+c+2\). CMR:
$$\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le \dfrac{3}{4}$$
Cho các số thực dương \(a;b;c\) thỏa mãn : \(a+b+c=3\)
Chứng minh rằng : \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{c^2+a^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2+1}\le\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}\)
P/s: Em xin phép nhờ quý thầy cô giáo và các bạn yêu toán giúp đỡ em tham khảo với ạ!
Em cám ơn nhiều lắm ạ!
Ta có:
\(\left(b^2+c^2+1\right)\left(1+1+a^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{b^2+c^2+1}\le\dfrac{a^2+2}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2+1}\le\dfrac{a^3+2a}{9}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{c^2+a^2+1}\le\dfrac{b^3+2b}{9}\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2+1}\le\dfrac{c^3+2c}{9}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3+2\left(a+b+c\right)}{9}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3+6}{9}\) (1)
Lại có:
\(\left(a^3+1+1\right)+\left(b^3+1+1\right)+\left(c^3+1+1\right)\ge3a+3b+3c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\Rightarrow6\le2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\) (2)
(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3+2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{9}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
cho a,b,c là các số thực dương thỏa mãn a+b+c=1 chứng minh\(\dfrac{a}{a+b^2}+\dfrac{b}{b+c^2}+\dfrac{c}{c+a^2}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Rút gọn các phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{{3{x^2}y}}{{2x{y^5}}}\)
b) \(\dfrac{{3{x^2} - 3x}}{{x - 1}}\)
c) \(\dfrac{{a{b^2} - {a^2}b}}{{2{a^2} + a}}\)
d) \(\dfrac{{12\left( {{x^4} - 1} \right)}}{{18\left( {{x^2} - 1} \right)}}\)
a) \(\dfrac{3x^2y}{2xy^5}=\dfrac{3x}{2y^4}\)
b) \(\dfrac{3x^2-3x}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}=3x\)
c) \(\dfrac{ab^2-a^2b}{2a^2+a}=\dfrac{ab\left(b-a\right)}{a\left(2a+1\right)}=\dfrac{b\left(b-a\right)}{2a+1}=\dfrac{b^2-ab}{2a+1}\)
d) \(\dfrac{12\left(x^4-1\right)}{18\left(x^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}{3\left(x^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x^2+1\right)}{3}\)
`a, (3x^2y)/(2xy^5)`
`= (3x)/(2y^4)`
`b, (3x^2-3x)/(x-1)`
`= (3x(x-1))/(x-1)`
`= 3x`
`c, (ab^2-a^2b)/(2a^2+a)`
`= (b(a-b))/((2a+1))`
`d, (12(x^4-1))/(18(x^2-1)) = (2(x^2+1))/3`.