a. Đề bài sai, phương trình không giải được

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(\left(2x+10\right)\left(\dfrac{1-\left(3+2x\right)}{1+\sqrt{3+2x}}\right)^2=4\left(x+1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(2x+10\right)4.\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(1+\sqrt{3+2x}\right)^2}=4\left(x+1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=-1\\2x+10=\left(1+\sqrt{3+2x}\right)^2\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét (1)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+10=2x+4+2\sqrt{2x+3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}-\left(2x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)+x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}-\left(x+3\right)\right)+x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x-4\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3}+x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x-4=0\\\dfrac{2x+1}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3}+1=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2x+1+\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}=-3x-4\) \(\left(x\le-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4x+5=9x^2+24x+16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7x^2+20x+11=0\)

2.

ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{2x+7}+7\sqrt{2x+7}=x^2+2x+7+7x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\sqrt{2x+7}+2x+7\right)+7\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)^2+7\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)\left(x+7-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2x+7}\\x+7=\sqrt{2x+7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

3.

ĐKXĐ: ...

Từ pt dưới:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+3x-3y=3x^2+3y^2+1+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-y^3+3x-3y=3x^2+3y^2+1+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1=y^3+3y^2+3y+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3=\left(y+1\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=x-2\)

Thế vào pt trên:

\(x^2-2x+3=2\sqrt{5x-2}+\sqrt{7x-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+2+2\left(x-\sqrt{5x-2}\right)+\left(x+1-\sqrt{7x-1}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+2+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-5x+2\right)}{x+\sqrt{5x-2}}+\dfrac{x^2-5x+2}{x+1+\sqrt{7x-1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+2=0\)

a) \(x^3-4x^2-5x+6=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-7x^2-9x+4+x^3+3x^2+4x+2=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(7x^2+9x-4\right)+\left(x+1\right)^3+x+1=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\) (*)

Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}=a;x+1=b\)

Khi đó (*) \(\Leftrightarrow-a^3+b^3+b=a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-a\right).\left(b^2+ab+a^2+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow b=a\)

Hay \(x+1=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=7x^2+9x-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-4x^2-6x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-4x^2-5x-x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2x^2+7x+10}=a;\sqrt{2x^2+x+4}=b\left(a,b>0\right)\)

pt <=> a + b = 3(x + 1)

Mà a² - b² = 2x² + 7x + 10 - 2x² - x - 4 = 6x + 6

nên pt <=> a + b = \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{2}\)

<=> (a - b)(a + b) = 2(a + b)

Vì a;b > 0 nên a + b khác 0. Chia cả 2 vế của pt cho a + b ta có

pt <=> a - b = 2

<=> \(\sqrt{2x^2+7x+10}-\sqrt{2x^2+x+4}=2\)

<=> \(\sqrt{2x^2+7x+10}=2+\sqrt{2x^2+x+4}\)

Bình phương 2 vế ta có:

pt <=> \(2x^2+7x+10=2x^2+x+8+8\sqrt{2x^2+x+4}\)

<=> \(3x+1=4\sqrt{2x^2+x+4}\)

Bình phương lần nữa rồi làm nốt, làm xong thì thử lại.

Câu 1:

ĐK: \(x\geq -2\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+5}=a; \sqrt{x+2}=b(a,b\geq 0)\)

\(\Rightarrow ab=\sqrt{(x+5)(x+2)}=\sqrt{x^2+7x+10}\)

PT trở thành:

\((a-b)(1+ab)=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(1+ab)=(x+5)-(x+2)=a^2-b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(1+ab)-(a-b)(a+b)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(1+ab-a-b)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(a-1)(b-1)=0\)

Vì \(a\neq b\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a-1=0\\ b-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a=\sqrt{x+5}=1\\ b=\sqrt{x+2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=-4\\ x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\). Vì $x\geq -2$ nên chỉ có $x=-1$ là nghiệm duy nhất.

Câu 2:

ĐK: \(-4\leq x\leq 4\)

Ta có: \((\sqrt{x+4}-2)(\sqrt{4-x}+2)=2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x+4)-2^2}{\sqrt{x+4}+2}.(\sqrt{4-x}+2)=2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x.\frac{\sqrt{4-x}+2}{\sqrt{x+4}+2}=2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\frac{\sqrt{4-x}+2}{\sqrt{x+4}+2}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=0\\ \sqrt{4-x}+2=2\sqrt{x+4}+4(*)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét $(*)$

Đặt \(\sqrt{4-x}=a; \sqrt{x+4}=b\) thì ta có hệ:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+b^2=8\\ a+2=2b+4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+b^2=8\\ a=2(b+1)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow 4(b+1)^2+b^2=8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 5b^2+8b-4=0\Leftrightarrow (5b-2)(b+2)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow b=\frac{2}{5}\) (do \(b\geq 0)\)

\(\Rightarrow x+4=b^2=\frac{4}{25}\Rightarrow x=\frac{-96}{25}\) (t/m)

Vậy \(x\in \left\{ \frac{-96}{25}; 0\right\}\)

.

a: 

ĐKXĐ: x>=5/2

\(\sqrt{x-2+\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{x+2+3\sqrt{2x-5}}=7\sqrt{2}\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{2x+4+6\cdot\sqrt{2x-5}}=14\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right)^2}=14\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-5}+1+\sqrt{2x-5}+3=14\)

=>\(2\sqrt{2x-5}+4=14\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-5}=5\)

=>2x-5=25

=>2x=30

=>x=15

b: \(x^2-4x=\sqrt{x+2}\)

=>\(x+2=\left(x^2-4x\right)^2\) và x^2-4x>=0

=>x^4-8x^3+16x^2-x-2=0 và x^2-4x>=0

=>(x^2-5x+2)(x^2-3x-1)=0 và x^2-4x>=0

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5+\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)