CMR \(\dfrac{\text{a^2}}{\text{b+c}}\)+\(\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}\)+\(\dfrac{\text{c}\text{ }^2}{\text{a+c}}\)≥\(\dfrac{\text{a+b+c}}{2}\)
Cho a,b,c và x,y,z khác nhau và khác 0
CMR: \(\text{Nếu }\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0,\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\)
\(\text{Thì }\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=1\)
+) \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ayz}{xyz}+\dfrac{bxz}{xyz}+\dfrac{cxy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
+) \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\dfrac{xy}{ab}+2\dfrac{xz}{ac}+2\dfrac{yz}{bc}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{xz}{ac}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{cxy}{abc}+\dfrac{bxz}{abc}+\dfrac{ayz}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{0}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+0=1\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)cho a,b,c là 3 số ≠ 0 thỏa mãn a+b+C=2016 và \(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{a}}\)+\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{b}}\)+\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{c}}\)=\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{2016}}\)
CMr: trong ba số a,b,c tồn tại 2 số đối nhau
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{bc+ac+bc}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{bc+ac+ab}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+3abc=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+2abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=-b\) hay \(b=-c\) hay \(c=-a\)
-Vậy trong ba số a,b,c tồn tại 2 số đối nhau.
1) cho a+b>. CMR: a4 +b4>\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{8}\)
2) Cho a,b,c là độ dài ba canh của tam giác. CMR:
\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{\text{1}}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{\text{1}}{a+c-b}>=\dfrac{\text{1}}{a}+\dfrac{\text{1}}{b}+\dfrac{\text{1}}{c}\)
3) a2+b2 <= 2. CMR: a+b <= 2
Theo bất đẳng thức tam giác
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}a< b+c\\b< c+a\\c< a+b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}b+c-a>0\\c+a-b>0\\a+b-c>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\dfrac{2}{b}\\\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\dfrac{2}{c}\\\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\dfrac{2}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo từng vế
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{a+c-b}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\) ( đpcm )
Câu 1: mik sửa đề tí
Ta có: a+b=1
a² +b² ≥ (a+b)²/2
<=> a² +b² ≥ 1/2(a² +b²) + ab
<=> 1/2(a² +b²) -ab ≥ 0
<=> 1/2(a-b)² ≥ 0 ( luôn đúng )
vậy a² + b² ≥ (a+b)²/2 = 1/2
tương tự thì
a^4 + b^4 ≥ (a² +b²)²/2 ≥ (1/2)²/2 = 1/8
vậy a^4 + b^4 ≥ 1/8
dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=1/2
Cho a,b,c ≠0 thảo mãn a+b+c=\(\sqrt{\text{2019}}\);\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{a}}\)+\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{b}}\)+\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{c}}\)=0
Tính A=\(a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
\(a+b+c=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=2019\) ( vì \(ab+bc+ca=0\))
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\\ A=a^2+b^2+c^2\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\left(\sqrt{2019}\right)^2-2\cdot0=2019\)
CMR nếu \(\dfrac{x^2-yz}{a}=\dfrac{y^2-x\text{z}}{b}=\dfrac{z^2-\text{yx}}{c}th\text{ì \dfrac{a^2-bc}{x}=\dfrac{b^2-ca}{y}=\dfrac{c^2-ab}{z}}\)
Cho \(\dfrac{\text{a}}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}.CM\)
\(\dfrac{3\text{a}+5b}{3\text{a}-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{\text{a}+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{\text{a}^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
1) Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
2) Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=q\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bq\\c=dq\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bq+b}{dq+d}\right)^2=\left[\dfrac{b\left(q+1\right)}{d\left(q+1\right)}\right]^2=\dfrac{b}{d}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bq\right)^2+b^2}{\left(dq\right)^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2.q^2+b^2}{d^2.q^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(q^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(q^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{b}{d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Cho abc=1
CM: \(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{a}^2+2b^2+3}=\dfrac{\text{1}}{b^2+2c^2+3}=\dfrac{\text{1}}{c^2+2a^2+3}\) ≤ \(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}\)
Sửa đề \("="\rightarrow"+"\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy, ta có:\(a^2+2b^2+3=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2\ge2ab+2b+2=2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab+b+1}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{1}{ca+a+1}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab+b+1}+\dfrac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}+\dfrac{b}{abc+ab+b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot1=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Cho các số a,b,c,x,y,z thỏa mãn điều kiện
\(\dfrac{x}{\text{a}}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\)
CMR\(\dfrac{bz-cy}{\text{a}}=\dfrac{cx-\text{az}\text{ }}{b}=\dfrac{\text{a}y-bx}{c}\)
ta có: x/a = y/b =z/c =xa/a^2 =yb/b^2 =zc/c^2 = (ax+by+cz)/(a^2+b^2+c^2)
=>x/a = (ax+by+cz)/(a^2+b^2+c^2) (1)
mặt khác ta có: x/a=y/b=z/c <=> x^2/a^2 =y^2/b^2 =z^2/c^2 = (x^2+y^2+z^2 ) / (a^2+b^2+c^2)
=>x^2/a^2 = (x^2+y^2+z^2 ) / (a^2+b^2+c^2) (2)
từ (1) và (2) ta => (ax+by+cz)^2/(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2 = (x^2+y^2+z^2 ) / (a^2+b^2+c^2)
=> (x^2+y^2+z^2).(a^2+b^2+c^2)=(ax+by+cz)^2 => đpcm
\(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}=k\Rightarrow x=ak,y=bk,z=ck\)
\(\dfrac{bz-cy}{a}=\dfrac{b.ck-c.bk}{a}=\dfrac{0}{a}=0\)(1)
\(\dfrac{cx-az}{b}=\dfrac{c.ak-a.ck}{b}=\dfrac{0}{b}=0\)(2)
\(\dfrac{ay-bz}{c}=\dfrac{a.bk-b.ak}{c}=\dfrac{0}{c}=0\)(3)
từ (1),(2) và(3) suy ra \(\dfrac{bz-cy}{a}=\dfrac{cx-az}{b}=\dfrac{ay-bx}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Cho x + 3y - 2z = 36 . Tìm x,y,z biết :
a)\(\dfrac{\text{x-1}}{\text{3}}=\dfrac{\text{y+2}}{\text{4}}=\dfrac{\text{z-2}}{\text{3}}\)
b)\(\dfrac{\text{x}}{\text{4}}=\dfrac{\text{y}}{3};\dfrac{\text{y}}{\text{2}}=\dfrac{\text{z}}{\text{5}}\)
c) 9x = 5y ; 2x = z
d) 2x = 3y = 4z
d: Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{y}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{z}{\dfrac{1}{4}}=\dfrac{x+3y-2z}{\dfrac{1}{2}+3\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}}=\dfrac{36}{1}=36\)
Do đó: x=18; y=12; z=9
a) Thay x + 3y - 2z vào biểu thức ta có:
\(\dfrac{x - 1}{3} = \dfrac{3(y + 2)}{3 . 4} = \dfrac{2(z - 2)}{2 . 3}\) = \(\dfrac{x - 1}{3} = \dfrac{3x + 6}{12} = \dfrac{2z - 4}{6}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhua ta có:
\(\dfrac{x - 1}{3} = \dfrac{3y + 6}{12} = \dfrac{2z - 4}{6} = \dfrac{x - 1}{3}+ \dfrac{3y + 6}{12} -\dfrac{2z - 4}{6}\)
=\(\dfrac{x - 1 + 3y + 6 - 2z + 4}{3 + 12 -6} \) = \(\dfrac{(x + 3y - 2z) + ( -1 + 6 +4)}{3 + 12 - 6} \)
=\(\dfrac{36 + 9}{9}\) = 5
=> \(\dfrac{x - 1}{3} =\) 5 => x - 1 = 5.3 =15 => x = 5+1 = 6
=>
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