Sửa đề : \(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+a}\le1\\ \) (*)

\(< =>\dfrac{a^2\left(b^2+a\right)+b^2\left(a^2+b\right)}{\left(a^2+b\right)\left(b^2+a\right)}\le1\\ < =>a^2b^2+a^3+b^2a^2+b^3\le\left(a^2+b\right)\left(b^2+a\right)\) ( Nhân cả 2 vế cho `(a^{2}+b)(b^{2}+a)>0` )

\(< =>a^3+b^3+2a^2b^2\le a^2b^2+b^3+a^3+ab\\ < =>a^2b^2\le ab\\ < =>ab\le1\) ( Chia 2 vế cho `ab>0` )

Do a,b >0 

Nên áp dụng BDT Cô Si :

\(2\ge a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}< =>\sqrt{ab}\le1\\ < =>ab\le1\)

Do đó (*) luôn đúng

Vậy ta chứng minh đc bài toán

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(a=b>0,a+b=2< =>a=b=1\)

a Sửa đề : Chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b}\)+\(\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\) 1 ( Đề thi vào 10 Hà Nội).

Bất đẳng thức trên tương đương : 

\(\dfrac{a^2+b-b}{a^2+b}\)+\(\dfrac{b^2+a-a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)1

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 1 - \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)+ 1 - \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)1

\(\Leftrightarrow\)1 - \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\) - \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)- \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)- \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)-1

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)+ \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)\(\ge\)1

Xét VT = \(\dfrac{a^2}{ab^2+a^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{b^2}{a^2b+b^2}\)\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab^2+a^2+a^2b+b^2}\) (Cauchy - Schwarz)

= \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(b+a\right)+a^2+b^2}\)

\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2ab+a^2+b^2}\)

= \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)= 1

Vậy BĐT được chứng minh

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = 1

Bài 2 : 

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = 3ab + 3bc + 3ca 

<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = ab + bc + ca 

<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 = 2ab + 2bc + 2ca 

<=> ( a - b )^2 + ( b - c )^2 + ( c - a )^2 = 0 

<=> a = b = c 

Bài 1 : 

a^2 + b^2 + 9 = ab + 3a + 3b 

<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 18 = 2ab + 6a + 6b 

<=> a^2 - 2ab + b^2 + a^2 - 6a + 9 + b^2 - 6a + 9 = 0 

<=> ( a - b)^2 + ( a - 3)^2 + ( b - 3)^2 = 0 

Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi a = b = 3 

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+18=2ab+6a+6b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-6a+9\right)+\left(b^2-6b+9\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-3\right)^2+\left(b-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-3=0\\b-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=3\)

2.

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3ab+3bc+3ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

b: (3x-2)^5+(5-x)^5+(-2x-3)^5=0

Đặt a=3x-2; b=-2x-3

Pt sẽ trở thành:

a^5+b^5-(a+b)^5=0

=>a^5+b^5-(a^5+5a^4b+10a^3b^2+10a^2b^3+5ab^4+b^5)=0

=>-5a^4b-10a^3b^2-10a^2b^3-5ab^4=0

=>-5a^4b-5ab^4-10a^3b^2-10a^2b^3=0

=>-5ab(a^3+b^3)-10a^2b^2(a+b)=0

=>-5ab(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)-10a^2b^2(a+b)=0

=>-5ab(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2+2ab)=0

=>-5ab(a+b)(a^2+b^2+ab)=0

=>ab(a+b)=0

=>(3x-2)(-2x-3)(5-x)=0

=>\(x\in\left\{\dfrac{2}{3};-\dfrac{3}{2};5\right\}\)

\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\Rightarrow ab\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow4=a^2+b^2-ab\ge a^2+b^2-\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\le8\)

\(a^2+b^2\ge-2ab\Rightarrow-ab\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow4=a^2+b^2-ab\le a^2+b^2+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}=\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{3}\le a^2+b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{3}\le a^2+b^2\le4\)

Chọn B

Cách giải: Ta có:

log 2 x 2 + a 2 + log 2 x 2 + a 2 + log 2 x 2 + a 2 + . . . + log . . . 2 ⏝ n   c ă n x 2 + a 2 - 2 n + 1 - 1 log 2 x a + 1 = 0

Có : a + b + c = 0

=> (a + b)⁵ = (-c)⁵

      a⁵ + 5a⁴b + 10a³b² + 10a²b³ + 5ab⁴ + b⁵ = -c⁵

      a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵ = -5a⁴b - 10a³b² - 10a²b³ - 5ab⁴

       a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵ = -5ab(a³ + 2a²b + 2ab² + b³)

      a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵ = -5ab[(a³ + b³) + (2a²b + 2ab²)]

      a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵ = -5ab[(a + b)(a² - ab + b²) + 2ab(a + b)]

      a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵ = -5ab(a + b)(a² + b² + ab)  

      a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵ = 5abc(a² + b² + ab)   (do a+b+c=0=> a+b=-c)

      2(a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵) = 5abc(2a² + 2b² + 2ab)

      2(a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵) = 5abc[a² + b² +(a² + 2ab + b²)]

      2(a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵) = 5abc[a² + b² + (a + b)²]

      2(a⁵ + b⁵ + c⁵) = 5abc(a² + b² + c²)    (do a+b=-c=> (a +b )² = c²

    \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(a^5+b^5+c^5=\dfrac{5}{2}abc\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

Vậy...

Chọn B