Có 2 cách giải:

\(xy+2x+3y+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(y+2\right)=-3y-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3y-5}{y+2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3y-6}{y+2}+\frac{1}{y+2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-3+\frac{1}{y+2}\)

Để \(x\in Z\)

Mà \(-3\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{y+2}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow1⋮\left(y+2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y+2=-1\\y+2=1\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=-3\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)

*Nếu y = -3 => x = - 4.

*Nếu y = -1 => x = -2.

mình k hiểu

Đề bài sai

Ví dụ: với \(a=1;b=2;c=3,d=4\) thì \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; \(y=\dfrac{3}{4}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

Khi đó  \(x< y\) nhưng \(z< y\)

\(\text{Vì }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\text{ nên }ad< bc\left(1\right)\)

\(\text{Xét tích}:a\left(b+d\right)=ab+ad\left(2\right)\)

                \(b\left(a+c\right)=ba+bc\left(3\right)\)

\(\text{Từ(1);(2);(3)}\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\text{ do đó }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(4\right)\)

\(\text{Tương tự ta có:}\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\left(5\right)\)

\(\text{Từ (4);(5) ta được }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow x< y< z\)

+)Vì x<y

Suy ra a/b<c/d

Suy ra a.b+a.d<b.c+b.a

Suy ra a.(b+d)<b.(c+a)

Suy ra a/b<c+a/b+d

Suy ra a/b<c+a/b+d<c/d

Suy ra x<z<y

Vì x < y nên a/b<c/d

=>a.b+a.d<b.c+b.a

=>a.(b+d)<b.(c+a)

=>a/b<c+a/b+d

=>a/b<c+a/b+d<c/d

a) Ta có : \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

=> ad = bc

Ta có : (a + 2c)(b + d)

= a(b + d) + 2c(b + d)

= ab + ad + 2cb + 2cd (1)

Ta có : (a + c)(b + 2d)

= a(b + 2d) + c(b + 2b)

= ab + a2d + cb + c2b

= ab + c2d + ad + c2b (Vì ad = cd) (2)

Từ (1),(2) => (a + 2c)(b + d) = (a + c)(b + 2d) (ĐPCM)

Sửa đề bài : P = \(\dfrac{x+y}{z+t}+\dfrac{y+z}{t+x}+\dfrac{z+t}{x+y}+\dfrac{t+x}{y+z}\)

Ta có : \(\dfrac{x}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{y}{z+t+x}=\dfrac{z}{t+x+y}=\dfrac{t}{x+y+z}\)

=> \(\dfrac{y+z+t}{x}=\dfrac{z+t+x}{y}=\dfrac{t+x+y}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{t}\)

=> \(\dfrac{y+z+t}{x}+1=\dfrac{z+t+x}{y}+1=\dfrac{t+x+y}{z}+1=\dfrac{x+y+z}{t}+1\)=> \(\dfrac{y+z+t+x}{x}=\dfrac{z+t+x+y}{y}=\dfrac{t+x+y+z}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{t}\)TH1: x + y + z + t # 0

=> x = y = z = t

Ta có : P = \(\dfrac{x+y}{z+t}=\dfrac{y+z}{t+x}=\dfrac{z+t}{x+y}=\dfrac{t+x}{y+z}\)

P = \(\dfrac{x+x}{x+x}+\dfrac{x+x}{x+x}+\dfrac{x+x}{x+x}+\dfrac{x+x}{x+x}\)

P = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4

TH2 : x + y + z + t = 0

=> x + y = -(z + t)

y + z = -(t + x)

z + t = -(x + y)

t + x = -(y + z)

Ta có : P = \(\dfrac{x+y}{z+t}=\dfrac{y+z}{t+x}=\dfrac{z+t}{x+y}=\dfrac{t+x}{y+z}\)

P = \(\dfrac{-\left(z+t\right)}{z+t}=\dfrac{-\left(t+x\right)}{t+x}=\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}=\dfrac{-\left(y+z\right)}{y+z}\)

P = (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1)

P = -4

Vậy ...

Bài 2: 

a: \(\left(2x+1\right)\left(1-2x\right)+\left(2x-1\right)^2=22\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(-2x-1\right)+\left(2x-1\right)^2=22\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(-2x-1+2x-1\right)=22\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=-11\)

=>2x=-10

hay x=-5

b: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+25+x^2-9-2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-10x+34-2x^2-4x-2=0\)

=>-14x+32=0

=>-14x=-32

hay x=16/7

c: \(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+4x^2-4x+1-7\left(x^2-9\right)=36\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+12x+12+4x^2-4x+1-7x^2+63=36\)

=>8x+76=36

=>8x=-40

hay x=-5

d: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-9\right)\left(x^2+9\right)-\left(x^4-4\right)-3x=15x-41\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-81-x^4+4-3x-15x+41=0\)

=>-18x-36=0

hay x=-2

e: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-14x+49-x^2-6x-9+x^2-10x+25=x^2-9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-30x+55=x^2-9\)

=>-30x+55=-9

=>-30x=-64

hay x=32/15