ĐKXĐ:...

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}\\\frac{x+8}{y+4}=\frac{9}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2y}{3}\\\frac{\frac{2y}{3}+8}{y+4}=\frac{9}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{-12}{19}\\x=\frac{-8}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy...

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0,75x-3,2y=10\\x\sqrt{3}-y\sqrt{2}=4\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3,2y+10}{0,75}\\\frac{\left(3,2y+10\right)\sqrt{3}}{0,75}-y\sqrt{2}=4\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{\frac{16\sqrt{3}}{5}y+10\sqrt{3}-\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{4}y}{0,75}=4\sqrt{3}\\x=\frac{3,2y+10}{0,75}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\left(\frac{16\sqrt{3}}{5}-\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{4}\right)+10\sqrt{3}=3\sqrt{3}\\x=\frac{3,2y+10}{0,75}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{-140\sqrt{3}}{64\sqrt{3}-15\sqrt{2}}\\x=\frac{\frac{-448\sqrt{3}}{64\sqrt{3}-15\sqrt{2}}+10}{0,75}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nghiệm đẹp lắm.

c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{2x+3}{y-1}=\frac{4x+1}{2y+1}\\\frac{x+2}{y-1}=\frac{x-4}{y+2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x+3\right)\left(2y+1\right)-\left(y-1\right)\left(4x+1\right)=0\\\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)-\left(y-1\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+5y+4=0\\3x+6y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2y\\-12y+5y+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{4}{7}\\x=\frac{-8}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy...

Bài 2:

ĐK: ..........
Đặt $\sqrt{x+\frac{1}{y}}=a; \sqrt{x+y-3}=b$ $(a,b\geq 0$)

HPT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ a^2+b^2+3=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ a^2+b^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ (a+b)^2-2ab=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ ab=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Áp dụng định lý Vi-et đảo thì $a,b$ là nghiệm của pt $X^2-3X+2=0$

$\Rightarrow (a,b)=(2,1); (1,2)$

Nếu $(a,b)=(2,1)$

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=4\\ x+y-3=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=4\\ x+y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow y=\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow y=\pm 1\)

$y=1\rightarrow x=3$

$y=-1\rightarrow y=5$

Nếu $(a,b)=(1,2)$

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=1\\ x+y-3=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=1\\ x+y=7\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow y-\frac{1}{y}=6\)

\(\Rightarrow y^2-6y-1=0\Rightarrow y=3\pm \sqrt{10}\)

Nếu $y=3+\sqrt{10}\rightarrow x=4-\sqrt{10}$

Nếu $y=3-\sqrt{10}\rightarrow x=4+\sqrt{10}$

Vậy...........

Bài 1:

Đặt $\sqrt[4]{y^3-1}=a; \sqrt{x}=b$ $(a,b\geq 0$)

Khi đó hệ PT trở thành:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ b^4+a^4+1=82\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ a^4+b^4=81\end{matrix}\right.\)

Có: \(a^4+b^4=81\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a^2+b^2)^2-2a^2b^2=81\)

\(\Leftrightarrow [(a+b)^2-2ab]^2-2a^2b^2=81\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (9-2ab)^2-2a^2b^2=81\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 2a^2b^2-36ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab(ab-18)=0\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} ab=0\\ ab=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu $ab=0$. Kết hợp với $a+b=3$ suy ra $(a,b)=(3,0); (0,3)$

$\Rightarrow (x,y)=(0, \sqrt[4]{82}); (9, 1)$

Nếu $ab=18$. Kết hợp với $a+b=3$ và định lý Vi-et đảo suy ra $a,b$ là nghiệm của pt: $X^2-3X+18=0$

Dễ thấy pt này vô nghiệm nên loại

Vậy......

Bài 2:

ĐK: ..........
Đặt $\sqrt{x+\frac{1}{y}}=a; \sqrt{x+y-3}=b$ $(a,b\geq 0$)

HPT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ a^2+b^2+3=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ a^2+b^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ (a+b)^2-2ab=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=3\\ ab=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Áp dụng định lý Vi-et đảo thì $a,b$ là nghiệm của pt $X^2-3X+2=0$

$\Rightarrow (a,b)=(2,1); (1,2)$

Nếu $(a,b)=(2,1)$

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=4\\ x+y-3=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=4\\ x+y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow y=\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow y=\pm 1\)

$y=1\rightarrow x=3$

$y=-1\rightarrow y=5$

Nếu $(a,b)=(1,2)$

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=1\\ x+y-3=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=1\\ x+y=7\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow y-\frac{1}{y}=6\)

\(\Rightarrow y^2-6y-1=0\Rightarrow y=3\pm \sqrt{10}\)

Nếu $y=3+\sqrt{10}\rightarrow x=4-\sqrt{10}$

Nếu $y=3-\sqrt{10}\rightarrow x=4+\sqrt{10}$

Vậy...........

\(e,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^3+\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2=12\\\left(xy\right)^2+xy=6\end{matrix}\right.\left(x;y\ne0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{y}=2\\xy\in\left\{2;-3\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vì \(\frac{x}{y}=2>0\Rightarrow xy>0\Rightarrow xy=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{y}=2\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\2y^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(h\right)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{x}{y}=3\\x+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{x}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\left(x;y\ne0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2-\frac{x}{y}=3\\\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\frac{x}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{y}=a\\\frac{x}{y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-b=3\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Làm nốt nha

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}=2\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(x;y\ge1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-2+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=4\\x+y=xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+2\sqrt{xy-\left(x+y\right)+1}=6\\x+y=xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+2\sqrt{xy-xy+1}=6\\x+y=xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Làm nốt

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=-1\\x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3y=-6\\x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy..............................................................................

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{5}{x}-\frac{6}{y}=3\\\frac{4}{x}+\frac{9}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.\)ĐKXĐ: x,y≠0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{20}{x}-\frac{24}{y}=12\\\frac{20}{x}+\frac{45}{y}=35\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{69}{y}=23\\\frac{20}{x}+\frac{45}{y}=35\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy...................................................................................

c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y-1}=1\\\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{y-1}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)ĐKXĐ:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\y\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow4\sqrt{x+1}\)\(=-1\)(vô nghiệm)

Vậy hệ pt vô nghiệm

d) Nhân 3 pt đầu rồi thu gọn

a/ ĐKXĐ: ...

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x-1}=u\\\frac{1}{2y+1}=v\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2u+v=\frac{6}{5}\\3u-2v=\frac{11}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\frac{1}{2}\\v=\frac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=2\\2y+1=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b/ ĐKXĐ: ...

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=u\\\sqrt{x+1}=v\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2u+v=4\\u-3v=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=1\\v=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\\sqrt{x+1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1-x\\x+1=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|a\right|\le1\),\(\left|b\right|\le1\),\(\left|c\right|\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow1-a\ge0\)tương tự 1-b,1-c............

\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\ge0\)

dấu = khi a=1b=0c=0 và hoán vị

Đang nổi cơn làm biếng mà nhìn thấy hệ còn buồn ngủ hơn:

a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(2x-y\right)=6\\x^2-2x-2\left(2x-y\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x=a\\2x-y=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=6\\a-2b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=6\\a=2b+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow b\left(2b+1\right)=6\Leftrightarrow2b^2+b-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

b/ ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{y}}-\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{x}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}}{\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{x}}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{y-x}{xy\left(\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{x}}\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)}{xy\left(\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{x}}\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}}{xy\left(\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{x}}\right)}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow x=y\)

Thay vào pt đầu:

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{x}}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+2-\frac{1}{x}+2\sqrt{\frac{2}{x}-\frac{1}{x^2}}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{2}{x}-\frac{1}{x^2}}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{x}-\frac{1}{x^2}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}-1\right)^2=0\)

c/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+x+y=7\\x^2+y^2+x+y+xy=17\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+x+y=7\\x^2+y^2=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+x+y=7\\\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=a\\xy=b\end{matrix}\right.\) với \(a^2\ge4b\) ta được:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=7\\a^2-2b=10\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2+2a-24=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4;b=3\\a=-6;b=13\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right)\)