1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có

 \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)

\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)

Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được

\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)

2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)

Dấu"=" khi a = 4b

nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)

nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)

khi đó a + b = 1

mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Áp dụng BĐT cosi, ta có

\(\sqrt{3a+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{4\left(3a+1\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{4+3a+1}{2}=\dfrac{3a+5}{4}\)

CMTT, ta có \(\sqrt{3b+1}\le\dfrac{3b+5}{4};\sqrt{3c+1}\le\dfrac{3c+5}{4}\)

Từ đó suy ra \(K\le\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c\right)+15}{4}=6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1

Vậy...

ta có BĐT \(\sqrt{3a+1}\ge\dfrac{a\left(\sqrt{10}-1\right)}{3}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(3-a\right)\ge0đúng\forall a\)

CMRTT, ta có

\(\sqrt{3b+1}\ge\dfrac{b\left(\sqrt{10}-1\right)}{3}+1\)

\(\sqrt{3c+1}\ge\dfrac{c\left(\sqrt{10}-1\right)}{3}+1\)

Do đó \(K\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\sqrt{10}-1\right)}{3}+3=\sqrt{10}+2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=3, b=c=0

Vậy...

2 ) Ta có : \(\frac{1}{3}\left(a^3+b^3+a+b\right)+ab\le a^2+b^2+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+1-ab\right)+ab\le a^2+b^2+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+1\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)-ab\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+1-ab\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\)

Do a ; b dương \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+1-ab>0\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{3}-1\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b\le3\)

\(M=\frac{a^2+8}{a}+\frac{b^2+2}{b}=a+\frac{8}{a}+b+\frac{2}{b}=2a+\frac{8}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+2b-\left(a+b\right)\ge8+4-3=9\)

( áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho a ; b dương )

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=2;b=1\)

Tìm min cho K, tìm max có lẽ Bunhia là ra thôi:

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3a+1}=x\\\sqrt{3b+1}=y\\\sqrt{3x+1}=z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow1\le x;y;z\le\sqrt{10}\)

\(x^2+y^2+z^2=3\left(a+b+c\right)+3=12\)

Bài toán trở thành cho \(x^2+y^2+z^2=12\), tìm min \(P=x+y+z\)

Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{10}\right)\le0\Rightarrow x^2-\left(\sqrt{10}+1\right)x+\sqrt{10}\le0\)

\(\left(y-1\right)\left(y-\sqrt{10}\right)=y^2-\left(\sqrt{10}+1\right)y+\sqrt{10}\le0\)

\(\left(z-1\right)\left(z-\sqrt{10}\right)=z^2-\left(\sqrt{10}+1\right)z+\sqrt{10}\le0\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(\sqrt{10}+1\right)\left(x+y+z\right)+3\sqrt{10}\le0\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+3\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{10}+1}=\frac{12+3\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{10}+1}=2+\sqrt{10}\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=2+\sqrt{10}\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;1;\sqrt{10}\right)\) và các hoán vị hay \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(3;0;0\right)\) và các hoán vị

haha

\(P=\sqrt{3a^2+2ab+3b^2}+\sqrt{3b^2+2bc+3c^2}+\sqrt{3c^2+2ab+3b^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}+\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}+\sqrt{2\left(c+a\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\sqrt{2}\left(2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}-3\right)=6\sqrt{2}\)

Vậy GTNN của P là \(6\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

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ĐKXĐ: ...

\(P=a+b+1-2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+2b-2\sqrt{b}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-1\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(2\sqrt{b}-1\right)^2-\frac{1}{2}\ge-\frac{1}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-1=0\\2\sqrt{b}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{9}{4}\\b=\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\\ P=-\dfrac{3}{5}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}+6=10\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{16}{9}\left(tm\right)\)