CM các BĐT
\(a,a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
\(b,a^3+4a+1>3a^2\left(vsa\ge0\right)\)
\(c,a^4+b^4+2\ge4ab\)
C/m các BĐT sau :
\(1.a^3-3a+4\ge b^3-3b
\)
\(2,\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+d}}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}}\) với a, b, c, d>0
\(3,a^3+b^3\ge\frac{1}{4};a+b\ge1\)
4, \(a^3+b^3\le a^4+b^4;a+b\ge2\)
5, \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\left(a^5+b^5\right)\le4\left(a^9+b^9\right);a,b\ge0\)
6, \(\frac{c+a}{\sqrt{a^2+c^2}}\ge\frac{c+b}{\sqrt{c^2+b^2}};a>b>0,c>\sqrt{ab}\)
Các bn làm đc bài nào thì giúp mk với, cảm ơn ạ !
1.
C/m bổ đề: \(a^3-b^3\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a^3-b^3\right)\) với \(\forall a,b\in R,a\ge b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3-4b^3-\left(a^3-3a^2b+3ab^2-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3+3a^2b-3ab^2-3b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Theo bài ra: \(a^3-b^3\ge3a-3b-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) Cần c/m: \(\left(a-b\right)^3\ge12a-12b-16\)(1)
Thật vậy:
\(\left(1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^3-12\left(a-b\right)+16\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a-b\right)^3-8\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a-b\right)+4\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)-8\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)^2\left(a-b+4\right)\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b thỏa mãn \(a,b\in R,a\ge b\))
2.
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\frac{a+b}{ab}}+\frac{1}{\frac{c+d}{cd}}\le\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c+d}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{cd}{c+d}\le\frac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab\left(c+d\right)+cd\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)}\le\)\(\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc+abd+acd+bcd}{ac+ad+bc+bd}\le\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad+ab+bc+cd\right)\left(ac+ad+bc+bd\right)\ge\)\(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(abc+abd+acd+bcd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad\right)^2-2abcd+\left(bc\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b,c,d>0)
cm các bđt:
1, \(a^3+b^3\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{4}\)
2, \(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^4}{8}\)
Giúp em với ạ, cảm ơn nhìuu
1: =>4a^3+4b^3-a^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-b^3>=0
=>a^3-a^2b-ab^2+b^3>=0
=>(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)-ab(a+b)>=0
=>(a+b)(a-b)^2>=0(luôn đúng)
2: \(a^4+b^4=\dfrac{a^4}{1}+\dfrac{b^4}{1}>=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{1}+\dfrac{b^2}{1}\right)^2\)
=>\(a^4+b^4>=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^4}{8}\)
Cho a,b,c∈R.CM bđt \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\) (1). Áp dụng cm các bđt sau:
a)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
b)\(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\)
c)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
d)\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
e)\(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge\sqrt{\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3}}vớia,b,c>0\)
f)\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\) nếu a+b+c=1
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
a/ Từ BĐT ban đầu ta có:
\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\) (đpcm)
b/ Chia 2 vế của BĐT ở câu a cho 9 ta được:
\(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\) (đpcm)
c/ Cộng 2 vế của BĐT ban đầu với \(2ab+2bc+2ca\) ta được:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\ge3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
d/ Áp dụng BĐT ban đầu cho các số \(a^2;b^2;c^2\) ta được:
\(\left(a^2\right)^2+\left(b^2\right)^2+\left(c^2\right)^2\ge a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
Mặt khác ta cũng có:
\(\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2\ge ab.bc+bc.ca+ab+ca=abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
e/ Chia 2 vế của BĐT ở câu c cho 9 ta được:
\(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3}\)
Khai căn 2 vế: \(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge\sqrt{\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3}}\)
f/ Áp dụng BĐT ở câu d:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\) (do \(a+b+c=1\))
Bài 1 :Cho a,b,c dương thỏa mãn a+b+c=2
CMR \(\frac{bc}{\sqrt{3a^2+4}}+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{3b^2+4}}+\frac{ab}{\sqrt{3c^2+4}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Bài 2:Cho a,b,c>0. CMR
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
CM BĐT:
a) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
b) \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\)
c) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
d) \(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
a)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-a^2-b^2-c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b,c tương tự
d)Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta được
\(a^4+a^4+b^4+c^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^4a^4b^4c^4}=4a^2bc\)
TT\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+b^4+c^4\ge4ab^2c\)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4+c^4\ge4abc^2\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được \(4\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge4\left(a^2bc+ab^2c+abc^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
d)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-a^2bc-ab^2c-abc^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4-2a^2bc-2ab^2c-2abc^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+2a^2b^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+2b^2c^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+2a^2c^2-2a^2bc-2b^2ac-2c^2ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2-2b^2ac\right)+\left(b^2c^2+c^2a^2-2c^2abc\right)+\left(a^2b^2+c^2a^2-2a^2ab\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+\left(ab-bc\right)^2+\left(bc-ac\right)^2+\left(ab-ac\right)^2\ge0\)
Luôn đúng với mọi a , b , c
Tính tích x.y, biết rằng x và y thỏa mãn các đẳng thức sau (a,b là các hằng số) :
a) (4a2 - 9)x = 4a + 4
với a ≠ \(\pm\dfrac{3}{2}\) và ( 3a2 + 3)y = 6a2 +9a với a ≠ -1
b( 2a3 - 2b3 )x - 3b = 3a với a ≠ b và (6a + 6b)y = (a-b)2 với a ≠ -b
( Chú ý rằng a2 + ab + b2 = a2 +2a . \(\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b^2}{4}+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}=\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}\ge0\)
Do đó nếu a ≠ 0 hoặc b ≠ 0 thì a2 + ab + b2 ≥ 0)
1) Rút gọn :
\(B=\frac{\left(a+2b\right)^3-\left(a-2b\right)^3}{\left(2a+b\right)^3-\left(2a-b\right)^3}:\frac{3a^4+7a^2b^2+3b^4}{4a^4+7a^2b^2+3b^4}\)
Cho a, b, c thuộc R. CM:
1, \(ab\le\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
2, \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^3\)
3, \(a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
4, \(a^4+3\ge4a\)
5, \(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3abc\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)
6, \(a^4+b^4\le\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}\left(a,b\ne0\right)\)
7, \(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+ab}\left(a,b\ge1\right)\)
8, \(\left(a^5+b^5\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge\left(a^4+b^4\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
Câu 1:
Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2^2}-ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\) (1)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}-\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2-2b^2-a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow ab\le\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
5 , a3+b3+c3\(\ge\) 3abc
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3+c3-3a2b-3ab2-3abc\(\ge\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)3+c3-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a2+2ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca)\(\ge0\) (1)
ta co : a,b,c>0 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b+c>0 (2)
(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge0\)
<=> 2a2+2b2+2c2-2ac-2cb-2ab\(\ge0\)
<=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ac\(\ge\) 0 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3)=> pt luôn đúng
Tính x, y biết rằng x và y thỏa mãn các đẳng thức sau (a, b là các hằng số) :
a) \(\left(4a^2-9\right)x=4a+4\) với \(a\ne\pm\dfrac{3}{2}\) và \(\left(3a^3+3\right)y=6a^2+9a\) với \(a\ne-1\)
b) \(\left(2a^3-2b^3\right)x-3b=3a\) với \(a\ne b\) và \(\left(6a+6b\right)y=\left(a-b\right)^2\) với \(a\ne-b\)
(Chú ý rằng \(a^2+ab+b^2=a^2+2a.\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b^2}{4}+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}=\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}\ge0\)
Do đó nếu \(a\ne0\) hoặc \(b\ne0\) thì \(a^2+ab+b^2>0\) )