a) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)

\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow CuO+H_2O\)

Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe(OH)3 và Cu(OH)2 

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}107x+98y=20,5\\160.\dfrac{x}{2}+80y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> x= 0,1 ; y=0,1

=> \(\%m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.107}{20,5}.100=52,2\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=47,8\%\)

b) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)

\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+2H_2O\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.\dfrac{3}{2}+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddsaupu}=20,5+122,5=143\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.400}{143}.100=13,97\%\)

\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{143}.100=11,19\%\)

c) \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right);n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05.3+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=122,5.110\%=134,75\left(g\right)\)

Gọi \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=a\left(mol\right)\rightarrow n_{Cu}=3a\left(mol\right)\)

\(232a+64.3a=21,2\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=125.14,6\%=18,25\left(g\right)\)

PTHH:

Fe₃O₄ + 8HCl ---> FeCl₂ + 2FeCl₃ + 4H₂O

0,05------>0,4------->0,05---->0,1

\(m_X=0,05.3.64=9,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd}=232.0,05+125=136,6\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{136,6}.100\%=4,65\%\\C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.162,5}{136,6}.100\%=11,9\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{18,25-0,4.36,5}{136,6}=2,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25\cdot56=14\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=6\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{FeSO_4}=0,25mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,25\cdot152=38\left(g\right)\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25\cdot98}{10\%}=245\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,25\cdot2=0,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{Cu}-m_{H_2}=258,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{38}{258,5}\cdot100\%\approx14,7\%\)

pthh : Fe +H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ +H₂

theo bài ra số mol của h2 =0,15 (mol)

theo pt : nFe=nH₂=0,15 (mol)

mFe=0,15 .56 =8,4 (g) ⇒mCu=20-8,4=11,6 (g)

thôi thì mình làm cho bn vậy, câu a ko làm dc đâu, làm câu b thôi, làm sao biết dc chất nào dư khi chỉ có số mol 1 chất?

nK2SO3=0.1367(mol)

mddH2SO4=Vdd.D=200.1,04=208(g)

K2SO3+H2SO4-->K2SO4+H2O+SO2

0.1367----0.1367----0.1367---------0.1367   (mol)

mddspu=100+208-0,1367.64=299.2512(g) ; mK2SO4=0,1367.174=23.7858(g)

==>C%=23.7858.100/299.512=7.94%

2)pt bn tự ghi nhé

ta có hệ pt: 56a+27b=11 và a+3b/2=8.96/22.4==>a=0.1, b=0.2

==>%Fe=0.1x56x100/11=50.9%

%Al=100%-50.9%=49.1%

b)nH2SO4= 0.7(mol)==>VddH2SO4=0.7/2=0.35(L)

bn xem lại đề nhé, bài 1mình thấy số mol ra lẻ><

a)Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp ban đầu (x,y>0)

Sau phản ứng hỗn hợp muối khan gồm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:x\left(mol\right)\\FeCl_2:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=13,9\\133,5x+127y=38\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,0896\\y\approx0,205\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0896\cdot27\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx17,4\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,205\cdot56\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx82,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl, H ta có:\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{3n_{AlCl_3}+2n_{FeCl_2}}{2}\\ =\dfrac{3\cdot0,0896+2\cdot0,205}{2}=0,3394mol\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3394\cdot22,4\approx7,6l\)

PTHH: \(K_2O+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+H_2O\)

            \(K_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+SO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200\cdot14,6\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{K_2SO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{K_2O}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{K_2O}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot94}{0,1\cdot94+0,3\cdot158}\cdot100\%\approx16,55\%\\\%m_{K_2SO_3}=83,45\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(n_{KCl}=0,8\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{KCl}=74,5\cdot0,8=59,6\left(g\right)\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{hh}=56,8\left(g\right)\\m_{SO_2}=0,3\cdot64=19,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{SO_2}=237,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{59,6}{237,6}\cdot100\%\approx25,1\%\)

Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

          0.2                     0.1

FeO + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2O

 0.1       0.2

a.\(nH2=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1mol\)

\(\%mFe=\dfrac{0.1\times56\times100}{12.8}=43.8\%\)

\(\%mFeO=100-43.8=56.2\%\)

b.\(nFeO=\dfrac{12.8-\left(0.1\times56\right)}{56+16}=0.1mol\)

\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.2+0.2}{2}=0.2l\)

nH2=0,84(mol)

PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

0,84__________________0,84(mol)

=>mFe=0,84.56=47,04(g)

=> mCaCO3=48,8-47,04=1,76(g)

b) %mCaCO3=(1,76/48,8).100=3,607%

=>%mFe= 96,393%

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

           \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{18,816}{22,4}=0,84\left(mol\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,84\cdot56=47,04\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=1,76\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{1,76}{48,8}\cdot100\%\approx3,61\%\\\%m_{Fe}=96,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)