\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>\dfrac{a}{b}+1=\dfrac{c}{d}+1=>\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>\dfrac{a}{b}-1=\dfrac{c}{d}-1=>\dfrac{a-b}{b}=\dfrac{c-d}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>ad=cb=>ad+ac=cb+ac\)

\(=>a\left(c+d\right)=c\left(a+b\right)=>\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=>\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)

a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

nên \(\dfrac{a}{b}+1=\dfrac{c}{d}+1\)

hay \(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)

b) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

nên \(\dfrac{a}{b}-1=\dfrac{c}{d}-1\)

hay \(\dfrac{a-b}{b}=\dfrac{c-d}{d}\)

a) Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b} = \dfrac{c}{d}\) nên \(ad = bc\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{{a + b}}{b} = \dfrac{{c + d}}{d}\)\( \Rightarrow d(a + b) = b(c + d)\)\( \Rightarrow ad + bd = bc + bd\)

\( \Rightarrow ad = bc\) (luôn đúng)

\( \Rightarrow \dfrac{{a + b}}{b} = \dfrac{{c + d}}{d}\) 

b) Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b} = \dfrac{c}{d}\) nên \(ad = bc\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{{a - b}}{b} = \dfrac{{c - d}}{d}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow d(a - b) = b(c - d)\\ \Leftrightarrow ad - bd = bc - bd\\ \Leftrightarrow ad = bc\end{array}\) ( luôn đúng)

Vậy \(\dfrac{{a - b}}{b} = \dfrac{{c - d}}{d}\) 

c)  Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b} = \dfrac{c}{d}\) nên \(ad = bc\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{{a + b}} = \dfrac{c}{{c + d}}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow a(c + d) = c(a + b)\\ \Leftrightarrow ac + ad = ac + bc\\ \Leftrightarrow ad = bc\end{array}\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy \(\dfrac{a}{{a + b}} = \dfrac{c}{{c + d}}\)

Giải:

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Vậy...

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b.k\\c=d.k\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)

Thay (1) vào:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{b.k+b}{b.k-b}=\dfrac{b.\left(k+1\right)}{b.\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}=\dfrac{d.k+d}{d.k-d}=\dfrac{d.\left(k+1\right)}{d.\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\) (3)

Từ (2) và (3) =>\(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)

Ta có:\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất hoán vị ta được:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)

Vậy từ tỉ lệ thức \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)

a) Từ (1) ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk+b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\) (3)

Từ (2) và (3) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)

b) Từ (1) ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{b^{2018}.k^{2018}+d^{2018}.k^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{k^{2018}\left(b^{2018}+d^{2018}\right)}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=k^{2018}\) (4)

\(\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left(bk+dk\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left[k\left(b+d\right)\right]^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=k^{2018}\) (5)

Từ (4) và (5) suy ra \(\dfrac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}\)

Cứu mình với 9:00 sáng nay mình nộp bài rùi

a) \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}\) = \(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)

Từ \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{c}{d}\) = k ( k \(\in\) Q, k \(\ne\) 0 )

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

VP = \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}\) = \(\dfrac{2.b.k+3.d.k}{2b+3d}\) = \(\dfrac{k.\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}\) = k (1)

VT = \(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\) = \(\dfrac{2.b.k-3.d.k}{2b-3d}\) = \(\dfrac{k.\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}\) = k (2)

Từ (1) và (2) ta có: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}\) = \(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)

hay: (2a+3c).(3b-3d) = (2a-3c).(2b+3d)

b: Đặt a/b=c/d=k

=>a=bk; c=dk

\(\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk+dk\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}=k^2\)

\(\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)^2}{\left(b-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-dk\right)^2}{\left(b-d\right)^2}=k^2\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)^2}{\left(b-d\right)^2}\)

c: \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)

\(\dfrac{a^3-b^3}{c^3-d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3-b^3}{d^3k^3-d^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{a^3-b^3}{c^3-d^3}\)

d: \(\dfrac{a^{2018}-b^{2018}}{a^{2018}+b^{2018}}=\dfrac{b^{2018}k^{2018}-b^{2018}}{b^{2018}k^{2018}+b^{2018}}=\dfrac{k^{2018}-1}{k^{2018}+1}\)

\(\dfrac{c^{2018}-d^{2018}}{c^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{k^{2018}-1}{k^{2018}+1}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^{2018}-b^{2018}}{a^{2018}+b^{2018}}=\dfrac{c^{2018}-d^{2018}}{c^{2018}+d^{2018}}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{bk-b}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\) (1)

\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{dk-d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{d}\).Theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)=\(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)

Vì \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)=\(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}\)=\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)

Vậy \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}\)=\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)

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Từ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có :

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)

Từ \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)