nZn=19,5/65=0,3(mol)

mHCl=18,25/36,5=0,5(mol)

pt: Zn+2HCl--->ZnCl2+H2

1______2

0,3_____0,5

Ta có: 0,3/1>0,5/2

=>Zn dư

mZn dư=0,05.65=3,25(mol)

Theo pt: nH2=1/2nHCl=1/2.0,5=0,25(mol)

=>VH2=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)

n_Zn = 0,3 mol

n_HCl = 0,5 mol

Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

Đặt tỉ lệ ta có

0,3 < \(\dfrac{0,52}{2}\)

⇒ Zn dư và dư 3,25 gam

⇒ V_H2 = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6 (l)

a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl₂ + H₂

             0,25      0,5       0,5        0,5

Xét tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => Zn dư , HCl đủ 

b) \(m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,25\right).65=3,25\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a,Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\b, Vì:\dfrac{0,5}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\Rightarrow Zndư\\ n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,3-\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

a) PTHH

Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl₂ + H_2↑

0,25    0,5        0,25         0,25

n_Zn= \(\dfrac{19,6}{65}\)= 0,3(mol)

n_HCl= \(\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}\)=0,5 (mol)

So sánh nZn và nHCl 

            0,3/1  >  0,5/2

b) =>Zn tác dụng dư; HCl tác dụng hết

n_{Zn dư}= 0,3-0,25=0,05(mol)

=> m_{Zn dư}= 0,05 x 65= 3,25(mol)

c) m_ZnCl2= 0,25 x 136=34(g)

V_H2= 0,25 x 22,4= 5,6 (l)

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=100.14,6\%=14,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 6,5 + 100 - 0,1.2 = 106,3 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{106,3}.100\%\approx12,79\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{106,3}.100\%\approx6,87\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

1.

a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     0,15     0,3

b, Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) ⇒ Mg pứ hết, HCl dư

\(m_{HCldư}=\left(0,5-0,3\right).36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)

c, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

2.

a, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4P + 5O₂ ---t^o→ 2P₂O₅

Mol:     0,2    0,25              0,1

b, \(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

c, \(m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

d, \(V_{kk}=5,6.5=28\left(l\right)\)

a) PTHH: \(BaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{68,95}{197}=0,35\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,25\cdot3,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,35}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư 

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,8-0,35\cdot2=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\cdot36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)

b+c) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,35\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{CO_2}=0,35\cdot22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,25}=1,4\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(a) Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2\\ n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2 < n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{200.24,5\%}{98} = 0,5 \to H_2SO_4\ dư\\ n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} =n_{Zn} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = (0,5 - 0,2).98 = 29,4(gam)\\ c) n_{FeSO_4} = n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{FeSO_4} = 0,2.152 = 30,4(gam)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\)

nZn=m/M=19,5/65=0,3(mol)

PT:

Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 +H2↑↑

1...........2.............1............1(mol)

0,3->0,6 -> 0,3 -> 0,3 (mol)

mZnCl2=n.M=0,3.136=40,8(g)

(mH2=m.M=0,3.2=0,6(g))

c) nFe2O3=m/M=128/160=0,8(mol)

PT:

Fe2O3 + 3H2 -> 2Fe +3H2O

1..............3...........2..............3 (mol)

0,1 <- 0,3 -> 0,2 -> 0,3(mol)

Chất dư là Fe2O3

Số mol Fe2O3 dư là : 0,8-0,1=0,7(mol)

=> mFe2O3 dư=n.M=0,7.160=112(gam)

PTHH: Zn +2HCl => ZnCl2+H2

Ta có:

n Zn =19,5/65=0,3(mol)

=> n ZnCl2=n Zn=n H2 =0,3(mol)

=> m ZnCl2=0,3.136=40,8(g)

=> m H2=0,3.2=0,6(g)

PTHH: 3H2+Fe2O3 => 2Fe+3H2O

n Fe =128/160=0,8(mol)

n H2=0,6

Nên Fe dư

=> n Fe =1/3 n H2=0,2(mol)

=> n Fe dư=0,8-0,2=0,6(mol

=> m Fe dư=0,6.56=33,6(g)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

0,1       0,1            0,1          0,1

LTL : \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\)

=> Zn đủ , H2SO4 dư

\(n_{H_2SO_{4\left(dư\right)}}=0,5-0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_{4\left(dư\right)}}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)