Có : \(a^2+1=a^2+ab+ac+bc=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

Tương tự : \(b^2+1=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)và    \(c^2+1=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)

Suy ra : \(S=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right).\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right).\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow S=\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\right]^2\)là số chính phương \(\forall\)a ,b ,c nguyên !

với ab+bc+ca=1, ta có 

\(a^2+1=a^2+ab+bc+ca=\left(a^2+ab\right)+\left(bc+ca\right)\)\(=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)

tương tự tra có \(b^2+1=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)

                          \(c^2+1=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)

=> S=\(\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2=\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right]^2\) 

mà a,b, c là các số nguyên => \(\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right]^2\) là số chính phương 

=> S là số chính phương (ĐPCM)

ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+1=a^2+ab+bc+ca=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\\b^2+1=b^2+ab+bc+ca=b\left(a+b\right)+a\left(b+c\right)=\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)\\c^2+1=c^2+ab+bc+ca=c\left(b+c\right)+a\left(b+c\right)=\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\)\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right]^2\)

=> đpcm

Ta có: 

\(a^2+1=a^2+ab+bc+ca=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

Tương tự suy ra biểu thức đã cho bằng \(\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right]^2\) và là số chính phương

\(Q=\left(a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)=\)

\(=a^2b^2c^2+a^2b^2+a^2c^2+a^2+b^2c^2+b^2+c^2+1=\)

\(=a^2b^2c^2+\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+1\) (1)

Ta có

\(\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2ab^2c+2abc^2+2a^2bc=\)

\(=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2=1-2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\) (2)

Ta có

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)

\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\) (3)

Thay (2) và (3) vào (1)

\(Q=a^2b^2c^2+1-2abc\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2+1=\)

\(=\left(abc\right)^2-2abc\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\)

\(=\left[abc-\left(a+b+c\right)\right]^2\)

Ta có \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\le3\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{1+a^2\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{abc+a^2\left(b+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{1}{a\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{1}{3a}\)

\(CMTT\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+b^2\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{1}{3b}\)

                  \(\frac{1}{1+c^2\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{1}{3c}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{3a}+\frac{1}{3b}+\frac{1}{3c}\)\(=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)

Vì ab+bc+ca=1

\(\Rightarrow a^2+1\)

\(=a^2+ab+bc+ca\)

\(=\left(a^2+ab\right)+\left(ac+bc\right)\)

\(=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

Tương tự ta được \(\begin{cases}b^2+1=\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\\c^2+1=\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)\end{cases}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2}\)

\(=\left|\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right|\)

Mặt khác a;b;c là số hữa tỉ

\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}a+b\\b+c\\c+a\end{cases}\) là số hữu tỉ

\(\Rightarrow\left|\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right|\) là số hữu tỉ

=> đpcm

Từ ab + bc + ac =1

=> ab + bc + ac + a² = 1 + a²

=> 1 + a² = (a+b)(a+c) (1)

Tương tự: 1 + b² = (a+b)(b+c) (2)

1 + c² = (a+c)(b+c) (3)

Thay (1) (2) (3) vào P

P= a\(\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)^2}\)+ b\(\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)^2}\)+ c\(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)

= a|b+c| + b|a+c| + c|a+b|

= a(b+c) + b(a+c) + c(a+b) (do a,b,c >0)

= ab + ac +ab + bc +ac +bc

= 2(ab + ac + bc)

=2

ÁP dụng BĐT AM-Gm  ta có: 

\(Σ\frac{a^2}{\left(ab+2\right)\left(2ab+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{9}\cdotΣ\frac{a^2}{\left(ab+1\right)^2}\)

ĐẶt \(a=\frac{x}{y};b=\frac{y}{z};c=\frac{z}{x}\) thì cần cm

\(Σ\frac{a^2}{\left(ab+1\right)^2}=Σ\left(\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}\right)^2\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

\(Σ\left(\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}\right)^2\)

Theo C-S \(Σ\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{\left(xz\right)^2}{xyz\left(x+z\right)}\ge\frac{\left(Σxy\right)^2}{2xy\left(Σx\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(Σ\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{9}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)

Đúng hay ta có ĐPCM xyar ra khi a=b=c=1

Check lại đề, sai đề rồi nhé, thay a=-2, b=1, c=0 không thoả mãn nhé.

Thay đề bằng ab+bc+ca=1 thì hợp lý hơn.