Dùng định nghĩa 2 phân thức bằng nhau, chứng tỏ rằng:
\(\dfrac{x+y}{3x}=\dfrac{3x\left(x+y\right)^2}{9x^2\left(x+y\right)}\) với \(x\ne0;x\ne-y\)
Bài 3: Chứng minh các phân thức sau bằng nhau
a)\(\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\)=\(\dfrac{x^2+4x+3}{x^2+6x+9}\)
b)\(\dfrac{x+y}{3x}\)=\(\dfrac{3x\left(x+y\right)^2}{9x^2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(a,VP=\dfrac{x^2+4x+3}{x^2+6x+9}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)^2}=\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}=VT\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
b, \(VP=\dfrac{3x\left(x+y\right)^2}{9x^2\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{x+y}{3x}=VT\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2+4x+3}{x^2+6x+9}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\)
b: Ta có: \(\dfrac{3x\left(x+y\right)^2}{9x^2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{3x\cdot3x\cdot\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{3x}\)
Dùng định nghĩa hai phân thức bằng nhau chứng tỏ :
a) \(\dfrac{5y}{7}=\dfrac{20xy}{28x}\)
b) \(\dfrac{3x\left(x+5\right)}{2\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{3x}{2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2-1}\)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2-x-2}{x+1}=\dfrac{x^2-3x+2}{x-1}\)
Bài 1: (Sgk/36):
a. \(\dfrac{5y}{7}\)=\(\dfrac{20xy}{28x}\) vì
5y . 28x = 140xy
7 . 20xy = 140xy
=> 5y . 28x = 7 . 20xy
Vậy \(\dfrac{5y}{7}\)=\(\dfrac{20xy}{28x}\)
b. \(\dfrac{3x\left(x+5\right)}{2\left(x+5\right)}\)=\(\dfrac{3x}{2}\) vì
3x . 2(x+5) = 6x2+30x
2 . 3x(x+5) = 6x2+30x
=> 3x . 2(x+5) = 2 . 3x(x+5)
Vậy \(\dfrac{3x\left(x+5\right)}{2\left(x+5\right)}\)=\(\dfrac{3x}{2}\)
c. \(\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}\)=\(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2-1}\) vì
(x+2) (x2-1) = (x+2) (x-1) (x-1)
=> (x+2) (x2-1) = (x-1) (x+2) (x+1)
Vậy \(\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}\)=\(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2-1}\)
d. \(\dfrac{x^2-x-2}{x+1}\)=\(\dfrac{x^2-3x+2}{x-1}\)
(x-1) (x2-x-2) = x3-2x2-x+2
(x+1) (x2-3x+2) = x3-2x2-x+2
=> (x-1) (x2-x-2) = (x2-3x+2) (x+1)
Vậy \(\dfrac{x^2-x-2}{x+1}\)=\(\dfrac{x^2-3x+2}{x-1}\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
\(27x^3-\dfrac{1}{8}y^3\)
a. \(\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)\left(9x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}xy+\dfrac{1}{4}x^2\right)\)
b. \(\dfrac{1}{8}\left(216x^3-y^3\right)=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(6x-y\right)\left(36x^2+6xy+y^2\right)\)
cách phân tích nào đúng a hay b giải thích vì sao
Phân tích đa thức \(18x^3-\dfrac{8}{25}x\) thành nhân tử
a. \(\dfrac{2}{25}x\left(9x^2-4\right)=\dfrac{2}{25}x\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)\)
b. \(2x\left(9x^2-\dfrac{4}{25}\right)=2x\left(3x-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\left(3x+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\)
Cách phân tích nào đúng, a hay b. Giải thích vì sao?
a:\(\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)^2}.\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)^4}{b^2}}\left(b>0;a\ne4\right)\)
b:\(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\left(x\ge0;y\ge0;x\ne0\right)\)
c:\(\dfrac{a}{\left(b-2\right)^2}.\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(b-2\right)^4}{a^2}\left(a>0;b\ne2\right)}\)
d:\(\dfrac{x}{\left(y-3\right)^2}.\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(y-3\right)^2}{x^2}\left(x>0;y\ne3\right)}\)
e:2x +\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1-6x+9x^2}}{3x-1}\)
a, \(\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)^2}.\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)^4}{b^2}}=\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)^2}{b}=1\)
b, Đặt \(B=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\sqrt{x}=a,\sqrt{y}=b\)
Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{a^3-b^3}{a-b}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a-b}=a^2+ab+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow B=x+\sqrt{xy}+y\)
Vậy...
c, \(\dfrac{a}{\left(b-2\right)^2}.\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(b-2\right)^4}{a^2}}=\dfrac{a}{\left(b-2\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(b-2\right)^2}{a}=1\)
d, \(2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{1-6x+9x^2}}{3x-1}=2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3x-1\right)^2}}{3x-1}=2x+1\)
a:b(a−4)2.√(a−4)4b2(b>0;a≠4)b(a−4)2.(a−4)4b2(b>0;a≠4)
= \(\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{\left[\left(a-4\right)^2\right]^2}}{\sqrt{b^2}}\)
=\(\dfrac{b}{\left(a-4\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)^2}{b}\)
= 1 ( nhân tử với tử mẫu với mẫu rồi rút gọn)
b:x√x−y√y√x−√y(x≥0;y≥0;x≠0)xx−yyx−y(x≥0;y≥0;x≠0)
=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3}-\sqrt{y^3}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^3-\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^3}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right).\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)(áp dụng hằng đẳng thức )
= (x+\(\sqrt{xy}\)+y)
c:a(b−2)2.√(b−2)4a2(a>0;b≠2)a(b−2)2.(b−2)4a2(a>0;b≠2)
Tương tự câu a
d:x(y−3)2.√(y−3)2x2(x>0;y≠3)x(y−3)2.(y−3)2x2(x>0;y≠3)
tương tự câu a
e:2x +√1−6x+9x23x−1
= \(2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3x\right)^2-6x+1}}{3x-1}\)
= 2x+\(\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3x-1\right)^2}}{3x-1}\)(hằng đẳng thức)
=2x+\(\dfrac{3x-1}{3x-1}\)
=2x+1
chứng minh đẳng thức sau
a. \(\dfrac{3y}{4}=\dfrac{6xy}{8x}\left(x\ne0\right)\)
b. \(\dfrac{x+y}{3a}=\dfrac{3a\left(x+y\right)^2}{9a^2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(a,VT=\dfrac{3y\cdot2x}{4\cdot2x}=\dfrac{6xy}{8x}=VP\\ b,VT=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\cdot3a\left(x+y\right)}{3a\cdot3a\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{3a\left(x+y\right)^2}{9a^2\left(x+y\right)}=VP\)
Cho 3x-y=3z và 2x+y=7z. Tính giá trị của biểu thức: \(M=\dfrac{x^2-2xy}{x^2+y^2}\left(x\ne0,y\ne0\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=3z\\2x+y=7z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-y+2x+y=10z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x=10z\)
hay x=2z
Thay x=2z vào biểu thức 3x-y=3z, ta được:
\(3\cdot2z-y=3z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6z-y=3z\)
hay y=3z
Thay x=2z và y=3z vào biểu thức \(M=\dfrac{x^2-2xy}{x^2+y^2}\), ta được:
\(M=\dfrac{\left(2z\right)^2-2\cdot2z\cdot3z}{\left(2z\right)^2+\left(3z\right)^2}=\dfrac{4z^2-12z^2}{13z^2}=\dfrac{-8z^2}{13z^2}=\dfrac{-8}{13}\)
Vậy: \(M=\dfrac{-8}{13}\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=3z\\2x+y=7z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=10z\\3x-y=3z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2z\\3.2z-y=3z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2z\\y=3.2z-3z=6z-3z=3z\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có: \(M=\dfrac{x^2-2xy}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{\left(2z\right)^2-2.2z.3z}{\left(2z\right)^2+\left(3z\right)^2}=\dfrac{4z^2-12z^2}{4z^2+9z^2}=\dfrac{-8z^2}{13z^2}==-\dfrac{8}{13}\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=3z\\2x+y=7z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=10z\\3x-y=3z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2z\\3.2z-y=3z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2z\\y=3.2z-3z=6z-3z=3z\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có: \(M=\dfrac{x^2-2xy}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{\left(2z\right)^2-2.2z.3z}{\left(2z\right)^2+\left(3z\right)^2}=\dfrac{4z^2-12z^2}{4z^2+9z^2}=\dfrac{-8z^2}{13z^2}==-\dfrac{8}{13}\)
Bài 1: Tính:
a)\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{2y^2}{y^2-x^2}\)
b)\(\left(\dfrac{9}{x^3-9x}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}\right):\left(\dfrac{x-3}{x^2+3}-\dfrac{x}{3x+9}\right)\)
Bài 2: Tìm x:
a)2x\(^3\)-50x=0 b)\(x^3+x^2+x+a\) chia hết cho x+1
Bài 3: Cho △MNP vuông tại N, biết MN = 6cm, NP = 8cm. đường cao NH, qua H kẻ HC⊥MN, HD⊥NP
a) Chứng minh HDNC là hình chữ nhật.
b) Tính CD
c) Tính diện tích △NMH
Bài 1:
\(a,=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+2y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{2y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{y}{x-y}\\ b,Sửa:\left(\dfrac{9}{x^3-9x}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}\right):\left(\dfrac{x-3}{x^2+3x}-\dfrac{x}{3x+9}\right)\\ =\dfrac{9+x^2-3x}{x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x-9-x^2}{3x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+3x+9}{x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{-3x\left(x+3\right)}{x^2-3x+9}\\ =\dfrac{-3}{x-3}\)
Bài 2:
\(a,\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=5\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Leftrightarrow x^3+x^2+x+a=\left(x+1\right)\cdot a\left(x\right)\\ \text{Thay }x=-1\Leftrightarrow-1+1-1+a=0\Leftrightarrow a=1\)
Thực hiện các phép tính :
a) \(\left(\dfrac{9}{x^3-9x}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}\right):\left(\dfrac{x-3}{x^2+3x}-\dfrac{x}{3x+9}\right)\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{2}{x+2}\right).\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{8}\)
c) \(\left(\dfrac{3x}{1-3x}+\dfrac{2x}{3x+1}\right):\dfrac{6x^2+10x}{1-6x+9x^2}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-25}-\dfrac{x-5}{x^2+5x}\right):\dfrac{2x-5}{x^2+5x}+\dfrac{x}{5-x}\)
e) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2+xy}{x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3}+\dfrac{y}{x^2+y^2}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{2xy}{x^3-x^2y+xy^2-y^3}\right)\)