a)
b)
3)
4)
1) Cho a + b= -2, a^2 + b^2 = 52. Tính a^3 +b^3
2) Cho a + b = 7, a^2 + b^2 = 25. TÍnh a^3 + b^3, a^4 + b^4
3) Cho a + b = 5, a^2 + b^2 = 53. Tính a^3 + b^3, a^4 + b^4
ta có: a + b=-2 ; a^2 + b^2 = 52
=> (a+b)^2 = 4 => a^2 + 2ab + b^2 = 4
=> 52 + 2ab= 4
=> 48= -2ab
=> ab= -24
a^3 + b^3 = (a+b)( a^2-ab+ b^2)
=> a^3 + b^3 = -2.(52+24)= -2. 76= -152
áp dụng cô si ta có:
+)\(\frac{a^5}{b^3}+\frac{a^3}{b}\ge\frac{2a^4}{b^2};\frac{b^5}{c^3}+\frac{b^3}{c}\ge\frac{2b^4}{c^2};\frac{c^5}{a^3}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge\frac{2c^4}{a^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^5}{b^3}+\frac{b^5}{c^3}+\frac{c^5}{a^3}\ge2\left(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\right)-\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\right)\)
+)\(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+a^2\ge\frac{2a^3}{b};\frac{b^4}{c^2}+b^2\ge\frac{2b^3}{c};\frac{c^4}{a^2}+c^2\ge\frac{2C^3}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\ge2\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\right)-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
+)\(\frac{a^3}{b}+ab\ge2a^2;\frac{b^3}{c}+bc\ge2b^2;\frac{c^3}{a}+ca\ge2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\ge\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}-a^2-b^2-c^2\right)\ge\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^5}{b^3}+\frac{b^5}{c^3}+\frac{c^5}{a^3}\ge\left(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\right)+\left(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}-\frac{a^3}{b}-\frac{b^3}{c}-\frac{c^3}{a}\right)\ge\left(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\right)\)
Cho a,b,c là các số thực dương thỏa mãn a+b+c=2018. CMR\(\frac{a^4+c^4}{a^3+c^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{a^4+b^4}{b^3+a^3}>=2018\)
\(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\frac{a^3\left(a-c\right)+b^3\left(b-c\right)}{a^3+b^3}\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(a-b\right)\left(\frac{a^3}{c^3+a^3}-\frac{b^3}{b^3+c^3}\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)^2\frac{c^3\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-ac+c^2\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)}\right)\ge0\)
BĐT cuối cùng liếc qua cũng biết thừa đúng :) nên ta có ĐPCM
Dấu "=" <=> a=b=c
Ủng hô va` kb với mình nhé ^^
Chứng minh hằng đẳng thức
a,(a^2+b^2)(a^4+b^4)≥(a^3+b^3)^2
b,(a+b)(a^3+b^3)≤2(a^4+b^4)
BĐT đồng bậc nên chuyển vế thẳng tiến ạ!:D Em ko chắc đâu nhá!
a) \(BĐT\Leftrightarrow a^6+a^2b^4+a^4b^2+b^6\ge a^6+2a^3b^3+b^6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^4+a^4b^2\ge a^3b^3+a^3b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^4-a^3b^3+a^4b^2-a^3b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^3\left(b-a\right)+a^3b^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3b^2-a^2b^3\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b hoặc tồn tại một số bằng 0.
b) \(BĐT\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4\ge a^4+ab^3+a^3b+b^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4-a^3b\right)-\left(ab^3-b^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng do \(a^2+ab+b^2=a^2+2.a.\frac{b}{2}+\frac{b^2}{4}+\frac{3}{4}b^2=\left(a+\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}b^2\ge0\) )
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b
cho a,b,c > 0 , tm a +b +c = 1 . CM : \(a^4/(a^3 + b^3) + b^4/(b^3 + c^3 )+ c^4/(c^3 + a^3) >= 1/2\)
Cho a,b,c là các số thực dương thỏa mãn a+b+c=2018. CMR\(\frac{a^4+c^4}{a^3+c^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{a^4+b^4}{b^3+a^3}>=2018\)
Lời giải:
Xét hiệu:
\(2(a^4+c^4)-(a^3+c^3)(a+c)=2(a^4+c^4)-(a^4+a^3c+ac^3+c^4)\)
\(=a^4+c^4-a^3c-ac^3=(a-c)(a^3-c^3)=(a-c)^2(a^2+ac+c^2)\geq 0\)
với mọi \(a,c>0\)
Do đó: \(2(a^4+c^4)\geq (a^3+c^3)(a+c)\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^4+c^4}{a^3+c^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}
\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}\geq \frac{b+c}{2}\\
\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT thu được:
\(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}=a+b+c=2018\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{2018}{3}$
\(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\dfrac{a^3\left(a-c\right)+b^3\left(b-c\right)}{a^3+b^3}\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{a^3}{c^3+a^3}-\dfrac{b^3}{b^3+c^3}\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)^2\dfrac{c^3\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-ac+c^2\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)}\right)\ge0\)
Dễ thấy BĐT cuối luôn đúng nên ta có ĐPCM
Dấu "=" <=> \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2018}{3}\)
Cho a + b + c = 2018
Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\) \(\ge2018\)
Ta chứng minh: \(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}\ge\dfrac{a+b}{2}\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4\ge a^4+ab^3+b^4+ba^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4\ge ab^3+ba^3\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)Bất đẳng thức cuối luôn đúng nên ta có điều phải chứng minh. Áp dụng vào bài, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge\dfrac{a+b}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{2}=2018\)
Cho a,b,c>0 .
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{a^4}{a^3+b^3^{ }}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^3+a^3}\)≥\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Cho (a+3)(b-4)-(a-3)(b+4)=0
Chứng minh: a/3=b/4
\(\Leftrightarrow ab-4a+3b-12-\left(ab+4a-3b-12\right)=0\)
=>-4a+3b-4a+3b=0
=>-8a=-6b
=>4a=3b
hay a/3=b/4
Ta có :
\(\left(a+3\right)\left(b-4\right)\left(a-3\right)\left(b+4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab-4a+3b-12-\left(ab+4a-3b-12\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab-4a+3b-12-ab+4a+3b+12=0\)
\(\Rightarrow6b-8a=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3b=4a\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{4}\)
Cho a,b là 2 số dương. Chứng minh rằng:
a) (a + b)(a^3 + b^3) nhỏ hơn hoặc bằng 2(a^4 + b^4)
b) (a + b)( a^4 + b^4) lớn hơn hoặc bằng (a^2 + b^2)(a^3 + b^3)