1. So sánh: \(\sqrt{3}\) và \(5-\sqrt{8}\)
2. Tìm Min, Max
a/ x = \(\sqrt{x^2-2x+5}\)
b/ y = \(\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{4}-\dfrac{x}{6}+1}\)
Bài 1: Tìm x; y ϵ \(ℤ\)
a) 2x - y\(\sqrt{6}\) = 5 + (x + 1)\(\sqrt{6}\)
b) 5x + y - (2x -1)\(\sqrt{7}\) = y\(\sqrt{7}\) + 2
Bài 2: So sánh M và N
M = \(\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{3}{11}}{\dfrac{6}{4}+\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{6}{7}-\dfrac{6}{11}}\)
N = \(\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{2}{11}}{\dfrac{6}{2}+\dfrac{6}{5}-\dfrac{6}{7}-\dfrac{6}{11}}\)
Bài 3: Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023!}< 1\)
Bài 3 :
\(\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023!}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2!}=\dfrac{1}{2.1}=1-\dfrac{1}{2}< 1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3!}=\dfrac{1}{3.2.1}=1-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}< 1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4!}=\dfrac{1}{4.3.2.1}< \dfrac{1}{3!}< \dfrac{1}{2!}< 1\)
.....
\(\)\(\dfrac{1}{2023!}=\dfrac{1}{2023.2022....2.1}< \dfrac{1}{2022!}< ...< \dfrac{1}{2!}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023!}< 1\)
Tìm Min và Max(nếu có)
A=2x-\(\sqrt{x}\)
B=x+\(\sqrt{x}\)
C=1+\(\sqrt{2-x}\)
D=\(\sqrt{-x^2+2x+5}\)
E=\(\dfrac{1}{2x-\sqrt{x}+3}\)
F=\(\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{1-x^2}}\)
$A=2x-\sqrt{x}=2(x-\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{4^2})-\frac{1}{8}$
$=2(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{4})^2-\frac{1}{8}$
$\geq \frac{-1}{8}$
Vậy $A_{\min}=-\frac{1}{8}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x=\frac{1}{16}$
$B=x+\sqrt{x}$
Vì $x\geq 0$ nên $B\geq 0+\sqrt{0}=0$
Vậy $B_{\min}=0$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x=0$
Vì $2-x\geq 0$ (theo ĐKXĐ) nên $C=1+\sqrt{2-x}\geq 1$
Vậy $C_{\min}=1$. Giá trị này đạt tại $2-x=0\Leftrightarrow x=2$
1)so sánh 2 số sau M=\(\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{8}\) và N=\(\dfrac{5+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)
2)cho biểu thức A=\((\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{3+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x}{9-x}):(\dfrac{x-4}{x-3\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}})\) với x>0,\(x\ne4\),\(x\ne9\)
câu 2 rút gọn A và tìm các giá trị nguyên của x để A nhận giá trị âm
1) So sánh:
N = \(\dfrac{5+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{5}-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)=1\)
M = \(\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{8}\)
\(=3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{2}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\)
Ta có: \(1=\sqrt{1}\)
Mà 1 < 2
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1}< \sqrt{2}\)
Hay 1 \(< \sqrt{2}\)
Vậy N < M
2) Với \(x>0;x\ne4;x\ne9\), ta có:
A = \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{3+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x}{9-x}\right):\left(\dfrac{x-4}{x-3\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right]:\left[\dfrac{x-4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}-2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}:\dfrac{x-4-2\sqrt{x}+6}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x-3}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{x-2\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{x-2\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x}{x-2\sqrt{x}+2}\)
Bài 1:Cho x\(\ge0\).Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất hoặc giá trị lớn nhất của các biểu thức sau:
1)A=3x+2\(\sqrt{x}\)+1min
2)A=x+3\(\sqrt{x}\)-3min
3)A=-2x-3\(\sqrt{x}\)+2max
4)A=-4x-5\(\sqrt{x}\)-3max
5)A=x-2\(\sqrt{x}\)+2min
6)A=x-4\(\sqrt{x}\)-5min
7)A=-x+6\(\sqrt{x}\)+5max
8)A=-x+8\(\sqrt{x}\)-10max
9)A=\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)max
10)A=\(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)max
11)A=\(\dfrac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)min
12)A=\(\dfrac{-5}{\sqrt{x}+4}\)min
13)A=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)max
14)A=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+4}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)max
15)A=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)min
16)A=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+4}\)min
17)A=\(\dfrac{x+3}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)min
18)A=\(\dfrac{x+5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)min
19)A=\(\dfrac{x+12}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)min
20)A=\(\dfrac{x+7}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)min
21)A=\(\dfrac{x+9}{\sqrt{x}+4}\)min
22)A=\(\dfrac{x+24}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)min
1: \(=3\left(x+\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+2\cdot\sqrt{x}\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{2}{9}\right)\)
\(=3\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{2}{3}>=3\cdot\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{2}{3}=1\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=0
2: \(=x+3\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{21}{4}=\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{21}{4}>=-3\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=0
3: \(A=-2x-3\sqrt{x}+2< =2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=0
5: \(=x-2\sqrt{x}+1+1=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+1>=1\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
\(A=\dfrac{-3\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\) và \(B=\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{3-\sqrt{x}}\) \(\left(x\ge0;x\ne4;x\ne9\right)\). Với \(x>9\), so sánh \(\dfrac{A}{B}\) và 1.
Tìm Max, Min của hàm số:
1) \(y=\dfrac{x+1+\sqrt{x-1}}{x+1+2\sqrt{x-1}}\)
2) \(y=\sin^{2016}x+\cos^{2016}x\)
3) \(y=2\cos x-\dfrac{4}{3}\cos^3x\) trên \(\left[0;\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right]\)
4) \(y=\sin2x-\sqrt{2}x+1,x\in\left[0;\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right]\)
5) \(y=\dfrac{4-cos^2x}{\sqrt{sin^4x+1}},x\in\left[-\dfrac{\pi}{3};\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right]\)
tìm max, min
a) y=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}\) trên \([1;5]\)
b) y=\(\dfrac{x+3}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}\) trên \([1;3]\)
c) y=\(\sin^2x-\cos x+1\)
d) y=\(\sin^3x-3\sin^2x+2\)
a0
a.
\(y'=\dfrac{2-x}{2x^2\sqrt{x-1}}=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(y\left(1\right)=0\) ; \(y\left(2\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; \(y\left(5\right)=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=y\left(1\right)=0\)
\(y_{max}=y\left(2\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b.
\(y'=\dfrac{1-3x}{\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)^3}}< 0\) ; \(\forall x\in\left[1;3\right]\Rightarrow\) hàm nghịch biến trên [1;3]
\(\Rightarrow y_{max}=y\left(1\right)=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(y_{min}=y\left(3\right)=\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{10}}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{10}}{5}\)
c.
\(y=1-cos^2x-cosx+1=-cos^2x-cosx+2\)
Đặt \(cosx=t\Rightarrow t\in\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(y=f\left(t\right)=-t^2-t+2\)
\(f'\left(t\right)=-2t-1=0\Rightarrow t=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=2\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=0\) ; \(f\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=0\) ; \(y_{max}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
d.
Đặt \(sinx=t\Rightarrow t\in\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(y=f\left(t\right)=t^3-3t^2+2\Rightarrow f'\left(t\right)=3t^2-6t=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=2\notin\left[-1;1\right]\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=-2\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=0\) ; \(f\left(0\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=-2\) ; \(y_{max}=2\)
A=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{2\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}-\dfrac{x+6\sqrt{x}+2}{2x+5\sqrt{x}-3}\) B=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{x+8}\) Tìm GTLN: P=AB
1. Tìm max và min
a) \(A=\sqrt{x-3}+\sqrt{7-x}\)
b) \(B=\dfrac{3+8x^2+12x^4}{\left(1+2x^2\right)^2}\)
2. Cho \(36x^2+16y^2=9\)
\(CM:\dfrac{15}{4}\text{≤}y-2x+5\text{≤}\dfrac{25}{4}\)
a) ĐKXĐ : \(3\le x\le7\)
Ta có \(A=1.\sqrt{x-3}+1.\sqrt{7-x}\)
\(\le\sqrt{\left(1+1\right)\left(x-3+7-x\right)}=\sqrt{8}\)(BĐT Bunyacovski)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-3}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7-x}}\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
\(1,\\ a,A\le\sqrt{\left(x-3+7-x\right)\left(1+1\right)}=\sqrt{8}=2\sqrt{2}\\ A^2=4+2\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(7-x\right)}\ge4\Leftrightarrow A\ge2\\ \Leftrightarrow2\le A\le2\sqrt{2}\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}A_{min}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(7-x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow...\\A_{max}\Leftrightarrow x-3=7-x\Leftrightarrow x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{2}\left(4x^4+4x^2+1\right)+2\left(x^4-x^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)}{\left(2x^2+1\right)^2}\\ B=\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{2}\left(2x^2+1\right)^2+2\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2}{\left(2x^2+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2}{\left(2x^2+1\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(B=\dfrac{3\left(4x^4+4x^2+1\right)-4x^2}{\left(1+2x^2\right)^2}=\dfrac{3\left(1+2x^2\right)^2-4x^2}{\left(1+2x^2\right)^2}=3-\dfrac{4x^2}{\left(1+2x^2\right)^2}\)
Vì \(-\dfrac{4x^2}{\left(1+2x^2\right)^2}\le0\Leftrightarrow B\le3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}B_{min}\Leftrightarrow x^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\\B_{max}\Leftrightarrow x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2,\)
Ta có \(\left(y-2x\right)^2=\left(-2x+y\right)^2=\left[\dfrac{1}{3}\left(-6x\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(4y\right)\right]^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-2x\right)^2\le\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(-6x\right)^2+\left(4y\right)^2\right]=\dfrac{5^2}{3^2\cdot4^2}\left(36x^2+16y^2\right)=\dfrac{5^2}{4^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|y-2x\right|\le\dfrac{5}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{5}{4}\le y-2x\le\dfrac{5}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{15}{4}\le y-2x+5\le\dfrac{25}{4}\)
\(Max\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-18x=16y\\y-2x=\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{5}\\y=\dfrac{9}{20}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Min\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-18x=16y\\y-2x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{9}{20}\end{matrix}\right.\)