Sử dụng phương pháp Delta cho bài toán này:

\(2x^2+5y^2-4\left(xy+1\right)=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4xy+\left(5y^2-11\right)=0\left(1\right)\)

Xét phương trình (1) là phương trình bậc 2 ẩn x có tham số là y.

Ta có: \(\Delta'=\left(\dfrac{-4y}{2}\right)^2-2\left(5y^2-11\right)=-6y^2+22\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{\dfrac{22}{6}}\le y\le\sqrt{\dfrac{22}{6}}\) hay \(-1\le y\le1\)(vì y nguyên).

Với y=-1 , ta có \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)

Với \(y=0\), ta có \(x=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{11}{2}}\) (loại) 

Với \(y=1\), ta có: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)

Vậy....

Ngoài phương pháp này, ta cũng có thể sử dụng 1 phương pháp khác, đó là phương pháp kẹp:

\(2x^2+5y^2-4\left(xy+1\right)=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y\right)^2+3y^2=11\)

\(\Rightarrow3y^2\le11\Rightarrow-1\le y\le1\) (do y là số nguyên)

Đến đây ta xét các trường hợp:

Với \(y=1\), ta có \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)

Với \(y=-1\), ta có \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)

Với \(y=0\), ta có \(x=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{11}{2}}\) (loại)

Vậy...

Ta có: \(2x^2+xy+2y^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2\)

Theo BĐT Bunhacopxky: \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(1+1\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow2x^2+xy+2y^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+y\right)\)

Chứng minh tương tự:

\(\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)\\ \sqrt{2z^2+xz+2x^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+z\right)\)

Cộng vế theo vế, ta được: \(P\ge\sqrt{5}\left(x+y+z\right)=\sqrt{5}\cdot1=\sqrt{5}\)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\) 

Bạn tham khảo nhé

https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-cac-so-duong-xyz-thoa-man-xyz1cmrcan2x2xy2y2can2y2yz2z2can2z2zx2x2can5.182722154737

a) \(2x^2-3xy-2y^2=2\)

\(\Rightarrow2x^2+xy-4xy-2y^2=2\)

\(\Rightarrow x\left(2x+y\right)-2y\left(2x+y\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+y\right);\left(x-2y\right)\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2\right\}\)

Ta giải các hệ phương trình sau với x;y nguyên 

1) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=-1\\x-2y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=-2\\x-2y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=-4\left(loại\right)\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=1\\x-2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=2\\x-2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=4\left(loại\right)\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

3) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=-2\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=-4\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=-5\\y=\dfrac{x+1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

4)  \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=2\\x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=4\\x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=5\\y=\dfrac{x+1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;0\right);\left(1;1\right)\right\}\)

b) \(xy-y+x=9\)

\(\Rightarrow y\left(x-1\right)+x-1+1=9\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y+1\right)=8\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right);\left(y+1\right)\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2;-4;4;-8;8\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;-9\right);\left(2;7\right);\left(-1;-5\right);\left(3;3\right);\left(-3;-3\right);\left(5;1\right);\left(-7;-2\right);\left(9;0\right)\right\}\)

\(a,xy-x-y=2\\ x\left(y-1\right)-y=2\\ x\left(y-1\right)-y+1=2+1\\ x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)=3\\ \left(y-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=3\\ Th1:x-1=-1=>x=0\\ y-1=-3=>y=-2\\ Th2:x-1=-3 =>x=-2\\ y-1=-1=> y=0\\ Th3:x-1=3=> x=4\\ y-1=1=>y=2\\ Th4:x-1=1=>x=2\\ y-1=3=>y=4\)

Vậy......

\(b,2x^2+3xy-2y^2=7\\ 2x^2+\left(4xy-xy\right)-2y^2=7\\ x\left(2x-y\right)+2y\left(2x-y\right)=7\\ \left(2x-y\right)\cdot\left(x+2y\right)=7\)

Nếu 2x-y=1; x+2y = 7

=> 2(2x-y) + x + 2y = 9

=> 4x - 2y + x +2y = 9

=> (4x+x) + (2y-2y) = 9

=> 5x + 0 = 9 

=> x = 9/5 (ktm)

Nếu 2x-y=7; x+2y = 1

=> 2(2x-y) + x+ 2y = 15

=> 4x - 2y + x +2y =15

=> (4x +x)+ (2y-2y) =15

=> 5x +0 =15

=> x= 3 (tm)

=> y= -1 (Tm)

Nếu  2x-y=-7; x+2y = -1

=> 2(2x-y) + x+ 2y = -15

=> 4x - 2y + x +2y =-15

=> (4x +x)+ (2y-2y) =-15

=> 5x +0 =-15

=> x= -3 (tm)

=> y= 1 (tm)

Nếu 2x-y=-1 ; x+2y = -7

=> 2(2x-y) + x+ 2y = -9

=> 4x - 2y + x +2y = -9

=> (4x +x)+ (2y-2y) =-9

=> 5x +0 =-9

=> x= -9/5 (ktm)

=> y= -1

Vậy.........

\(2x^2+6x-4\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(2x^2+6x\right)-4\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=2x\left(x+3\right)-4\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(2x+4\right)\)

\(=2\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

______

\(xy\left(x-y\right)-5x+5y\)

\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-\left(5x-5y\right)\)

\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-5\right)\)

______

\(2x^2+3x-4xy-6y\)

\(=\left(2x^2+3x\right)-\left(4xy+6y\right)\)

\(=x\left(2x+3\right)-2y\left(2x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(2x+3\right)\)

2x² + 6x - 4(x + 3)

= (2x² + 6x) - 4(x + 3)

= 2x(x + 3) - 4(x + 3)

= (x + 3)(2x - 4)

= 2(x + 3)(x - 2)

------------

xy(x - y) - 5x + 5y

= xy(x - y) - (5x - 5y)

= xy(x - y) - 5(x - y)

= (x - y)(xy - 5)

------------

2x² + 3x - 4xy - 6y

= (2x² - 4xy) + (3x - 6y)

= 2x(x - 2y) + 3(x - 2y)

= (x - 2y)(2x + 3)

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}M=x^2y-2xy+6-xy=x^2y-3xy+6\\N=-2x^2y+2xy+x^2y-3=-x^2y+2xy-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(x=1;y=2\Rightarrow M=1^2.2-2.1.2+6-1.2=2\)

c) \(M+N\Rightarrow x^2y-3xy+6+\left(-x^2y\right)+2xy-3=-xy+3\)

a: \(\dfrac{y}{2x^2-xy}+\dfrac{4x}{2xy-x^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{y}{x\left(2x-y\right)}+\dfrac{4x}{x\left(2y-x\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{y\left(2y-x\right)+4x\left(2x-y\right)}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2y-x\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2y^2-xy+8x^2-4xy}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2y-x\right)}=\dfrac{8x^2-5xy+2y^2}{x\left(2x-y\right)\left(2y-x\right)}\)

b: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z-x\right)\left(x-y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{z-x+x-y+y-z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}=0\)