Chứng minh rổng quát, Nếu:

\(A=\frac{1}{a^{2.k}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+1\right)}}+\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+2\right)}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+3\right)}}+...+\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n\right)}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n+1\right)}}\) (a;b \(\in\) N*)

\(a^{2.k}.A=1-\frac{1}{a^{2.k}}+\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+1\right)}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+2\right)}}+...+\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n-1\right)}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n\right)}}\)

\(a^{2.k}.A+A=\left(1-\frac{1}{a^{2.k}}+\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+1\right)}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+2\right)}}+..+\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n-1\right)}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n\right)}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{a^{2.k}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+1\right)}}+\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+2\right)}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+3\right)}}+..+\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n\right)}}-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n+1\right)}}\right)\)

\(A.\left(a^{2.k}+1\right)=1-\frac{1}{a^{2.\left(k+n+1\right)}}< 1\)

\(A< \frac{1}{a^{2.k}+1}\)

Áp dụng vào bài toán dễ thấy a = 3; k = 1

Như vậy, \(A< \frac{1}{3^{2.1}+1}=\frac{1}{3^2+1}=\frac{1}{9+1}=\frac{1}{10}=0,1\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(A=\frac{1}{3\cdot5}+\frac{1}{5\cdot7}+\frac{1}{7\cdot9}+...+\frac{1}{97\cdot99}-\frac{5}{4}\cdot\frac{13}{99}+\frac{5}{99}\cdot\frac{1}{4}\)

\(A=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{3\cdot5}+\frac{2}{5\cdot7}+...+\frac{2}{97\cdot99}\right)-\frac{13}{4}\cdot\frac{5}{99}+\frac{5}{99}\cdot\frac{1}{4}\)

\(A=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{97}-\frac{1}{99}\right)-\frac{5}{99}\cdot\left(\frac{13}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(A=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{99}\right)-\frac{5}{99}\cdot3\)

\(A=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{32}{99}-\frac{5}{33}\)

\(A=\frac{16}{99}-\frac{5}{33}=\frac{1}{99}\)

3/\(7a+b=0\Rightarrow b=-7a\)

\(f\left(x\right)=ax^2-7ax+c\).Ta có: \(f\left(10\right)=100a-70a+c=30a+c\)

\(f\left(-3\right)=30a+c\).Nhân theo vế ta có đpcm:

\(f\left(10\right).f\left(-3\right)=\left(30a+c\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)

Câu 2 tự quy đồng rồi so sánh:v

Ta có :

\(B=\frac{2016}{1}+\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2014}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2016}\)

\(B=\left(\frac{2015}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2014}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2016}+1\right)+1\)

\(B=\frac{2017}{2}+\frac{2017}{3}+...+\frac{2017}{2016}+\frac{2017}{2017}\)

\(B=2017.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{B}{A}=\frac{2017.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2017}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2017}}=2017\)

Vậy \(\frac{B}{A}\)là số nguyên

Bài 3:

a,Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)

A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\)

2A = \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\)

2A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\right)\)

3A = \(1-\frac{1}{2^6}\)

=> 3A < 1 

=> A < \(\frac{1}{3}\)(đpcm)

b, Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

3A = \(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)

3A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)

4A = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

=> 4A < \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)       (1)

Đặt B = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)

3B = \(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)

3B + B = \(\left(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)

4B = \(3-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)

=> 4B < 3

=> B < \(\frac{3}{4}\)   (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra 4A < B < \(\frac{3}{4}\)=> A < \(\frac{3}{16}\)(đpcm)

bài 1:

5n+7 chia hết cho 3n+2

=> [3(5n+7) - 5(3n + 2)] chia hết cho 3n+2

=> (15n + 21 - 15n - 10) chia hết cho 3n+2

=> 11 chia hết cho 3n + 2

=> 3n + 2 thuộc Ư(11) = {1;-1;11;-11}

Ta có bảng:

Vậy n = {-1;3}

Bài 2:

1, chữ số tận cùng

a, Xét 7¹⁹⁹⁹

Ta có: 7¹⁹⁹⁹ = 7¹⁹⁹⁶.7³ = (7⁴)⁴⁹⁹.343 = (...1)⁴⁹⁹.343 = (....1).343 = ....3 (1)

Vậy số 57¹⁹⁹⁹ có tận cùng là 3

b, Xét 3¹⁹⁹⁹

Ta có: 3¹⁹⁹⁹ = 3¹⁹⁹⁶.3³ = (3⁴)⁴⁹⁹.27 = (...1)⁴⁹⁹.27 = (...1) . 27 = ....7  (2)

Vậy số 93¹⁹⁹⁹ có chữ số tận cùng là 7

2, 

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra A = 999993¹⁹⁹⁹ + 555557¹⁹⁹⁹ = ...7 + ...3 = ....0

Vì A có chữ số tận cùng là 0 nên A chia hết cho 5. 

2/

S = 2 + 2² + 2³ +...+ 2⁹⁹

= (2+2²+2³) +...+ (2⁹⁷+2⁹⁸+2⁹⁹)

= 2(1+2+2²)+...+2⁹⁷(1+2+2²)

= 2.7 +...+ 2⁹⁷.7

= 7(2+...+2⁹⁷) chia hết cho 7

S = 2+2²+2³+...+2⁹⁹

= (2+2²+2³+2⁴+2⁵)+...+(2⁹⁵+2⁹⁶+2⁹⁷+2⁹⁸+2⁹⁹)

= 2(1+2+2²+2³+2⁴)+...+2⁹⁵(1+2+2²+2³+2⁴)

= 2.31+...+2⁹⁵.31

= 31(2+...+2⁹⁵) chia hết cho 31

3/

A = 1+5+5²+....+5¹⁰⁰ (1)

5A = 5+5²+5³+...+5101 (2)

Lấy (2) - (1) ta được

4A = 5¹⁰¹ - 1

A = \(\frac{5^{101}-1}{4}\)

4/

Đặt A là tên của biểu thức trên

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\)

........

\(\frac{1}{8^2}< \frac{1}{7.8}=\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{8}=\frac{7}{8}< 1\)

Vậy...

5/

a, Gọi UCLN(n+1,2n+3) = d

Ta có : n+1 chia hết cho d => 2(n+1) chia hết cho d => 2n+2 chia hết cho d

           2n+3 chia hết cho d

=> 2n+2 - (2n+3) chia hết cho d

=> -1 chia hết cho d => d = {-1;1}

Vậy...

b, Gọi UCLN(2n+3,4n+8) = d

Ta có: 2n+3 chia hết cho d => 2(2n+3) chia hết cho d => 4n+6 chia hết cho d

          4n+8 chia hết cho d 

=> 4n+6 - (4n+8) chia hết cho d

=> -2 chia hết cho d => d = {1;-1;2;-2}

Mà 2n+3 lẻ => d lẻ => d khác 2;-2 => d = {1;-1}

Vậy...

6/

a,Vì B > 1

\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{2016^{2016}}{2016^{2016}-3}>\frac{2016^{2016}+2}{2016^{2016}-3+2}=\frac{2016^{2016}+2}{2016^{2016}-1}=A\) 

Vậy A < B

b, C = \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{9900}\)

\(=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{99}{100}\)

Bạn làm tương tự như thế này nhé! http://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/72512.html 

Ta có

\(A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+.....+\frac{1}{2016^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2.3}+......+\frac{1}{2015.2016}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{2016}< 1\frac{3}{4}\)

=> đpcm