nAl2O3 = 0.1 mol

nMgO = 0.1 mol

nNaOH = 0.2 mol

Al2O3 + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O

0.1________0.3________0.1

MgO + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2O

0.1______0.1_______0.1

mH2SO4 = 0.4*98=39.2 g

C%H2SO4 = 16%

Số mol Al2O3:

10,2/M(Al2O3)=0,1(mol)

nMgO = 0.1 mol

nNaOH = 0.2 mol

Al2O3 + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O

0.1................0,3..............0,1(mol)

MgO + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2O

0,1..........0,1.............0,1(mol)

K/l H2SO4:

................\(m_{H2SO4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)

C%H2SO4 = \(\frac{39,2}{245}.100\%=16\%\)

Al2O3+3H2So4=Al2(SO4)3+3h2O

MgO+H2So4=MgSO4+H2O2

2NaOH+H2SO4=Na2SO4+2H2O

nAl2O3=10,2/102=0,1 mol

-----> nH2SO4=0,1.3=0,3 mol

nMgO=4/40=0,1 mol

----->nH2so4=0,1.1=0,1 mol

nNaOH=0,5.0,4=0,2 mol

------>nH2SO4 dư =0,2/2=0,1 mol

tổng toàn bộ lượng H2SO4=0,1+0,3+0,1=0,5 mol

mH2So4=0,5.98=49 g

C%=49.100/245=20 %

\(1)n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{9,4}{94}=0,1mol;n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1mol\\ K_2O+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+H_2O\\ MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1+0,1=0,2mol\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{200}\cdot100=9,8\%\\ 2)n_{K_2SO_4}=n_{K_2O}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{MgO}=0,1mol\\ C_{\%K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.174}{9,4+4+200}\cdot100=8,2\%\\ C_{\%MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{9,4+4+200}\cdot100=5,6\%\)

Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 27x + 102y = 18,54 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,032}{22,4}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 3x = 0,18.2 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,12\left(mol\right)\\y=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,12.27}{18,54}.100\%\approx17,5\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}\approx82,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

_ Khi cho hỗn hợp tác dụng với H₂SO₄ đặc, nóng.

Giả sử: \(n_{SO_2}=a\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 3.0,12 = 2a ⇒ x = 0,18 (mol)

Ta có: \(n_{KOH}=0,36.1=0,36\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{n_{SO_2}}=\dfrac{0,36}{0,18}=2\)

⇒ Pư tạo muối trung hòa K₂SO₃.

PT: \(SO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_3+H_2O\)

___0,18____________0,18 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{K_2SO_3}}=\dfrac{0,18}{0,36}=0,5M\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

______0,2---->0,3------------>0,1------>0,3______(mol)

=> V_H2 = 0,3.22,4= 6,72(l)

b) \(C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,1}=3M\)

\(C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)

Câu 3:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{15,2}.100\%=47,37\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{MgO}=100\%-47,37\%=52,63\%\)

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{15,2-0,3.24}{40}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{HCl}=0,3.2+0,2.2=1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1.36,5}{10\%}=365(g)\\ \Sigma n_{MgCl_2}=0,2+0,3=0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.95}{15,2+365}.100\%=12,49\%\)

\(PTHH:Mg+2H_2SO_{4(đ)}\to MgSO_4+2H_2O+SO_2\uparrow\\ MgO+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{SO_2}=n_{Mg}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)\)

giúp mik gấp vs ạ mik cảm ơn

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20.200}{100.40}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.2=1\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi số mol Al₂O₃, MgO là a,b

=> 102a + 40b = 18,2

PTHH: Al₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

_______a----->3a

MgO + H₂SO₄ --> MgSO₄ + H₂O

_b----->b

2NaOH + H₂SO₄ --> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

_1------->0,5

=> 3a + b + 0,5 = 1

=> 3a + b = 0,5

=> a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al_2O_3=\dfrac{0,1.102}{18,2}.100\%=56\%\\\%MgO=\dfrac{0,2.40}{18,2}.100\%=44\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> B

\(n_{H_2}=\frac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

Pt 

    \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

     x                                                   1.5x

    \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

     y                                            y

Ta có 27x  +  24y=10.2

        1.5x   +   y=0.5

\(\begin{cases}x=0.2\\y=0.2\end{cases}\)

%m_Al = \(\frac{0.2\times27\times100}{10.2}=5.4\left(g\right)\)

%m_Mg = \(\frac{0.2\times24\times100}{10.2}=4.8\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{0.5}{0.5}=1\left(l\right)\)

c, \(C_{M_{Al2SO43}}=\frac{0.1}{1}=0.1\left(M\right)\)

   \(C_{MMgSO4}=\frac{0.2}{1}=0.2\left(M\right)\)

nH2=11.2/22.4=0.5(mol)

2Al+3H2SO4-->Al2(SO4)3+3H2

a           3/2a             a/2            3/2a    (mol)

Mg+H2SO4-->MgSO4+H2

b           b               b            b    (mol)

ta có hệ pt: 3/2a+b=0.5 và 27a+24b=10.2

==> a=0.2, b=0.2

==>%Al=0.2x27x100/10.2=52.94%, %Mg=100%-52.94%=47.06%

b)nH2SO4=3/2x0.2+0.2=0.5(mol)

=>VH2SO4=0.5/0.5=1(M)

c)CMddspu=(0.2/2+0.2)/1=0.3(L)

Đáp án C