Lời giải:

$P=(x^2+y^2+2xy)+y^2-6x-8y+2028$

$=(x+y)^2-6(x+y)+(y^2-2y)+2028$
$=(x+y)^2-6(x+y)+9+(y^2-2y+1)+2018$

$=(x+y-3)^2+(y-1)^2+2018\geq 0+0+2018=2018$

Vậy $P_{\min}=2018$

Giá trị này đạt tại $x+y-3=y-1=0$

$\Leftrightarrow y=1; x=2$

\(x^2+2y^2+2xy-6x-8y+2018\)

\(=x^2+y^2+9+2xy-6x-6y+y^2-2y+1+2008\)

\(=\left(3-x-y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2008\)  \(\ge2008\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra   \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}3-x-y=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy Min P = 2008  <=> x=2; y=1

\(p=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(6x+6y\right)+9+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2008\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-6\left(x+y\right)+9+\left(y-1\right)^2+2008\)

\(=\left(x+y-3\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2008\)\(\ge2008\)với \(\forall x,y\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi  y = 1;  x = 2

\(P=x^2+2y^2+2xy-6x-8y+2018\)

\(P=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+y^2-6x-8y+2018\)

\(P=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\times3+9\right]+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2008\)

\(P=\left(x+y-3\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2008\)

Mà  \(\left(x+y-3\right)^2\ge0\)

       \(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge2008\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-3=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy Min P = 2008 khi ( x;y ) = ( 2;1 )

\(B=\left(x^2+y^2+4+2xy-4x-4y\right)+\left(x^2+z^2+1+2xz-2x-2z\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+4\)

\(B=\left(x+y-2\right)^2+\left(x+z-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+4\ge4\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-2=0\\x+z-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=2\\z=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lời giải:

$x^2+2y^2-2xy+10x-16y+20$
$=(x^2-2xy+y^2)+y^2+10x-16y+20$

$=(x-y)^2+10(x-y)+y^2-6y+20$

$=(x-y)^2+10(x-y)+25+(y^2-6y+9)-14$

$=(x-y+5)^2+(y-3)^2-14$

$\geq -14$

Vậy biểu thức có min $=-14$

Giá trị này đạt tại $x-y+5=y-3=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x,y)=(-2,3)$

Giải:

\(P=x^2+2y^2+2xy-6x-8y+2018\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(x^2+y^2+9+2xy-6x-6x\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2008\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(x+y-3\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2008\)

Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y-3\right)^2\ge0;\forall x,y\\\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0;\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-3\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2008\ge2008;\forall x,y\)

Hay \(P\ge2008;\forall x,y\)

Vậy ...

\(P=x^2+2y^2+2xy-6x-8y+2018\)

<=> \(P=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(6x+6y\right)+9+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2008\)

<=> P=(x+y)²-6(x+y) +9 +(y-1)² +2008

<=> P=(x+y-3)²+(y-1)²+2008

=> Min P= 2008 dấu = xảy ra khi y=1;x=2

\(F=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2021\\ F=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2021\ge2021\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)

Vậy \(F_{min}=2021\)

\(\Rightarrow F=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2021\\ \Rightarrow F=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2021\ge2021\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

A= -x²+2x+3

=>A= -(x²-2x+3)

=>A= -(x²-2.x.1+1+3-1)

=>A=-[(x-1)²+2]

=>A= -(x+1)²-2

Vì -(x+1)² ≤0=> A≤-2

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi

-(x+1)²=0 => x=-1

Vây A lớn nhất= -2 khi x= -1

B=x²-2x+4y²-4y+8

=> B= (x²-2x+1)+(4y²-4y+1)+6

=> B=(x-1)²+(2y+1)²+6

=> B lớn nhất=6 khi x=1 và y=-1/2

\(P=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-16\\ P=\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+1+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\\ P=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\ge-16\)

\(P_{min}=-16\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-1\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P=\left(x^2+y^2+1-2xy+2x-2y\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-16\\ =\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\\ \ge-16\)

dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi y=4,x=3