\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+xy=m\\x^2+y^2=m\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+xy=m\\\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=m\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt x+y=a, xy=b, hệ phương trình trở thành:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=m\\a^2-2b=m\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)Với m=5, hệ phương trình trở thành:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\a^2-2b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=5-a\\a^2-2\left(5-a\right)-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=5-a\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-5\\a=3\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\left(nhận\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-5\\b=10\end{matrix}\right.\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(2;1);(1;2)}
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=m\\a^2-2b=m\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-1-\sqrt{3m+1}\\b=m+1+\sqrt{3m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-1+\sqrt{3m+1}\\b=m+1-\sqrt{3m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)(m\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{-1}{3}\)) (1)
Hệ có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi a2\(\ge\) 4b
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}1+2\sqrt{3m-1}+3m-1\ge4m+4+4\sqrt{3m-1}\\1-2\sqrt{3m-1}+3m-1\ge4m+4-4\sqrt{3m-1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)m\(\ge\)0 (thỏa (1))
Vậy m\(\ge\)0 thì hệ phương trình có nghiệm
