+ n chẵn
Có \(2\equiv-1\) \(\text{( mod 3 )}\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n\equiv\left(-1\right)^n=1\text{( mod 3 )}\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n+1=2\text{( mod 3 )}\) ( loại )
+ \(n\) lẻ :
Có : \(2\equiv-1\) \(\text{( mod 3 )}\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n\equiv\left(-1\right)^n=-1\text{( mod 3 )}\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n+1\equiv0\text{( mod 3 )}\)
hay \(3\left|\left(2^n+1\right)\right|\)
Vậy với \(n\)lẻ thì ...............