a) Áp dụng đồng nhất thức \(\cos^2x+\sin^2x=1\)
ta có : \(\int\frac{1}{\cos^2x.\sin^2x}dx=\int\frac{\cos^2x+\sin^2x}{\cos^2x.\sin^2x}dx=\int\frac{dx}{\sin^2x}+\int\frac{dx}{\cos^2x}\)
\(=-\cot x+\tan x+C\)
b) Khai triển biểu thức dưới dấu nguyên hàm ta thu được :
\(\int\left(\tan x+\cot x\right)^2dx=\int\left(\tan^2x+2+\cot^2x\right)dx\)
\(=\int\left[\left(\tan^2x+1\right)+\left(\cot^2x+1\right)\right]dx\)
\(=\int\frac{dx}{\cos^2x}+\int\frac{dx}{\sin^2x}\)
\(=\tan x-\cot x+C\)
c) \(\int\tan^2xdx=\int\left(\frac{1}{\cos^2x}-1\right)dx=\tan x-x+C\)
d) \(\int\left(5^{3x}+\frac{1}{\sin^2\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[5]{4x-1}}\right)dx=\)
\(=\int5^{3x}dx+\int\frac{dx}{\sin^2\left(2x+1\right)}+\int\frac{dx}{\sqrt[5]{4x-1}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\int5^{3x}d\left(3x\right)+\frac{1}{2}\int\frac{d\left(2x+1\right)}{\sin^2\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{1}{4}\int\left(4x-1\right)^{-\frac{1}{5}}d\left(4x-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{5^{3x}}{3\ln5}-\frac{1}{2}\cot\left(2x+1\right)+\frac{5}{16}\sqrt[5]{\left(4x-1\right)^4+C}\)