\(A=-x^2-3y^2-2xy+10x+14y-18\\ =-x^2-y^2-2y^2-2xy+10x+10y+4y-25-2+9\\ =-\left(x^2+y^2+25+2xy-10x-10y\right)-\left(2y^2-4y+2\right)+9\\ \\ =-\left(x+y-5\right)^2-2\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+9\\ =-\left(x+y-5\right)^2-2\left(y-1\right)^2+9\)Do \(-\left(x+y-5\right)^2\le0\forall x;y\)
\(-2\left(y-1\right)^2\le0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+y-5\right)^2-2\left(y-1\right)^2\le0\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x+y-5\right)^2-2\left(y-1\right)^2+9\le9\forall x\)
Dấu "='' xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x+y-5\right)^2=0\\-2\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-5=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5-y\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(A_{\left(Max\right)}=9\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
