a)
\(x-\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{y}\\ =\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\\ =\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\)
b)
\(\sqrt{xy}-4\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}-12\\ =\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{y}-4\right)+3\left(\sqrt{y}-4\right)\\ =\left(\sqrt{y}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\)