a) x3 - 2x -4=x3 - 2x2 + 2x2 - 4x +2x -4
=x2(x-2) + 2x(x-2)+2(x-2)
=(x-2)(x2 +2x +2)
b) x2 + 4x +3
=x2 + 2.x.2 +22 -1
=(x+2)2 - 12
=(x+2+1)(x+2-1)
=(x+3)(x+1)
d, 2x2+7x+5=2x2+2x+5x+5=2x(x+1)+5(x+1)=(2x+5)(x+1)
e, 2x2+3x-5=2x2-2x+5x-5=2x(x-1)+5(x-1)=(2x+5)(x-1)