\(P=\dfrac{8a+15}{4a+1}=\dfrac{4a+4a+1+1+13}{4a+1}=\dfrac{4a+1}{4a+1}+\dfrac{4a+1}{4a+1}+\dfrac{13}{4a+1}=1+1+\dfrac{13}{4a+1}\)
Để P nguyên thì \(\dfrac{13}{4a+1}\in Z\) hay \(4a+1\in U\left\{13\right\}=\left\{\pm1;\pm13\right\}\)
- 4a+1=1 --> a=0
- 4a+1 = -1 --> a= -1/2 ( loại )
- 4a+1 = 13 --> a=3
-4a+1 = -13 --> a= -7/2 ( loại )
Vậy \(a\in Z=\left\{0;3;\right\}\) thì P nhận giá trị nguyên