Ảnh ảo: \(d'< 0\)\(k=\dfrac{\overline{A'B'}}{\overline{AB}}=-\dfrac{d'}{d}=3\Rightarrow d'=-3d\Rightarrow d'=-3.12=-36\left(cm\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{f}=\dfrac{1}{d}+\dfrac{1}{d'}\Leftrightarrow f=\dfrac{dd'}{d+d'}=\dfrac{12.\left(-36\right)}{12-36}=18\left(cm\right)\)
Ảnh thật: \(d'>0\Rightarrow k< 0\Rightarrow-\dfrac{d'}{d}=-3\Leftrightarrow d'=3d\)
\(\Rightarrow f=\dfrac{d.d'}{d+d'}=\dfrac{3.12.12}{3.12+12}=9\left(cm\right)\)