Question

cho n là số tự nhiên,chứng minh:

a,5^2n+1 +2^n+4 +2^n+1 chia hết cho 23

b,2^2n+2 +24n +14 chia hết cho 18

Answer 1

Lời giải:

a) 

\(5^{2n+1}+2^{n+4}+2^{n+1}=5.25^n+16.2^n+2.2^n\)

\(\equiv 5.2^n+16.2^n+2.2^n\pmod {23}\)

\(\equiv 23.2^n\equiv 0\pmod {23}\)

Ta có đpcm.

b) 

\(2^{2n+2}+24n+14\) hiển nhiên chia hết cho $2(1)$

Mặt khác:

Nếu $n=3k+1$:

$2^{2n+2}+24n+14=2^{6k+4}+72k+38$

$=16.2^{6k}+72k+38\equiv 16+72k+38=54+72k\equiv 0\pmod 9$

Nếu $n=3k$:

$2^{2n+2}+24n+14=2^{6k+2}+72k+14=4.2^{6k}+72k+14$

$\equiv 4+72k+14=18+72k\equiv 0\pmod 9$

Nếu $n=3k+2$:

$2^{2n+2}+24n+14=2^{6k+6}+72k+62\equiv 1+72k+62$

$\equiv 63+72k\equiv 0\pmod 9$

Vậy tóm lại $2^{2n+2}+24n+14$ chia hết cho $9$ (2)

Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow 2^{2n+2}+24n+14\vdots 18$ (đpcm)