a)
Vì \(AB\parallel CD\) nên áp dụng định lý Ta-let ta có:
\(\frac{DM}{MN}=\frac{MC}{AM}(1)\)
Kẻ \(MT\parallel AB\parallel CD\). Áp dụng định lý Ta-let:
+) Cho tam giác $KDC$: \(\frac{MK}{DK}=\frac{MT}{DC}=\frac{MT}{AB}\)
+) Cho tam giác $ACB$: \(\frac{MT}{AB}=\frac{MC}{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{MK}{DK}=\frac{MC}{AC}\Rightarrow \frac{MK}{MK+DM}=\frac{MC}{MC+AM}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{MK}{DM}=\frac{MC}{AM}(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{DM}{MN}=\frac{MK}{DM}\Rightarrow DM^2=MN.MK\) (đpcm)
b)
Áp dụng liên hoàn định lý Ta-let cho các đoạn song song:
\(\frac{MK}{DK}=\frac{MT}{DC}=\frac{MT}{AB}\)
\(\frac{MT}{AB}=\frac{MC}{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{MK}{DK}=\frac{MC}{AC}\Leftrightarrow 1-\frac{MK}{DK}=1-\frac{MC}{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{DM}{DK}=\frac{AM}{AC}(1)\)
Và: \(\frac{DM}{MN}=\frac{MC}{AM}\Rightarrow \frac{DM}{DM+MN}=\frac{MC}{MC+AM}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{DM}{DN}=\frac{MC}{AC}(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{DM}{DK}+\frac{DM}{DN}=\frac{AM+MC}{AC}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{DK}+\frac{1}{DN}=\frac{1}{DM}\)
Ta có đpcm.