\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\left(\sqrt{ax^2+bx}-cx\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\frac{\left(a-c^2\right)x^2+bx}{\sqrt{ax^2+bx}+cx}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\frac{\left(a-c^2\right)x+b}{\sqrt{a+\frac{b}{x}}+c}\)
Để giới hạn đã cho là hữu hạn bằng -2
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c^2+a=18\\a-c^2=0\\\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}+c}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=9\\c^2=9\\\frac{b}{3+c}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(c\ne-3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=9\\c=3\\c=-12\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow P=12\)