a)
Gọi CTHH của hai muối là NaR
\(NaR +AgNO_3 \to AgR + NaNO_3\)
Ta có:
\(n_{NaR} = n_{AgNO_3} = 0,2.0,1 = 0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 23 + R = \dfrac{1,615}{0,02} = 80,75\\ \Rightarrow R = 57,75\)
Vì MCl = 35,5 < R = 57,75 <MBr = 80 nên 2 muối là NaCl và NaBr
b)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}NaCl:x\left(mol\right)\\NaBr:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)→ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}58,5x+103y=1,615\\x+y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)→\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy :
\(\%m_{NaCl} = \dfrac{0,01.58,5}{1,615}.100\% = 36,22\%\\ \%m_{NaBr} = 100\% - 36,22\% = 63,78\%\)
c)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AgCl:x=0,01\left(mol\right)\\AgBr:y=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)→ mkết tủa = 0,01.143,5 + 0,01.188=3,315(gam)
\(n_{AgNO_3}=0.2\cdot0.1=0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(TH1:X:F\\ Y:Cl\)
\(NaCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow NâNO_3+AgCl\)
\(0.02........0.02............0.02..........0.02\)
\(m_{NaCl}=0.02\cdot58.5=1.17\left(g\right)< 1.615\left(g\right)\)
\(\%NaCl=\dfrac{1.17}{1.615}\cdot100\%=72.45\%\)
\(\%NaF=100-72.45=27.55\%\)
\(m_{AgCl}=0.02\cdot143.5=2.87\left(g\right)\)
\(TH2:Đặt:NaZ\)
\(NaZ+AgNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+AgZ\)
\(0.02.........0.02\)
\(M_{NaZ}=\dfrac{1.615}{0.02}=80.75\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow23+Z=80.75\\ \Rightarrow Z=57.75\)
\(X< Z< Y\Rightarrow X:Cl,Y:Br\)
\(Đặt:n_{NaCl}=a\left(mol\right),n_{NaBr}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0.02\\58.5a+103b=1.615\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=0.01\)
\(\%NaCl=\dfrac{0.01\cdot58.5}{1.615}\cdot100\%=36.22\%\)
\(\%Nà=100-36.22=63.78\%\)
\(m_{\downarrow}=m_{AgCl}+m_{AgBr}=0.01\cdot143.5+0.01\cdot188=3.315\left(g\right)\)