a, - Phần 1: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
- Phần 2: \(4Na+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Na_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow0,1.62+40n_{Mg}=12,2\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,2.23}{0,2.23+0,15.24}.100\%\approx56,1\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx43,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)