\(x^2-4\)

\(=x^2-2^2\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

\(\left(x-4\right)^2=\left(2x+1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4-2x-1\right)\left(x-4+2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(3x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-5=0\\3x-3=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=5\\3\left(x-1\right)=0\end{cases}}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=5\\x-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=1\end{cases}}}\)