Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Ranked as the number one beverage consumed worldwide, tea takes the lead over coffee in both popularity and production with more than 5 million tons of tea produced annually. Although much of this tea is consumed in Asian, European and African countries, the United States drinks its fair share. According to estimates by the Tea Council of the United States, tea is enjoyed by no less than half of the U.S. population on any given day. Black tea or green tea - iced, spiced, or instant - tea drinking has spurred a billion-dollar business with major tea producers in Africa and South America and throughout Asia.

Tea is made from the leaves of an evergreen plant, Camellia sinensis, which grows tall and lush in tropical regions. On tea plantations, the plant is kept trimmed to approximately four feet high and as new buds called flush appear, they are plucked off by hand.  Even in today’s world of modern agricultural machinery, hand harvesting continues to be the preferred method.  Ideally, only the top two leaves and a bud should be pickeb.  This new growth produces the highest quality tea.

After being harvested, tea leaves are laid out on long drying racks, called withering racks, for 18 to 20 hours. Next, depending on the type of tea being produced, the leaves may be crushed or chopped to release flavor, and then fermented under controlled conditions of heat and humidity. For green tea, the whole leaves are often steamed to retain their green color, and the fermentation process is skipped.  Producing black teas requires fermentation during which the tea leaves begin to darken. After fermentation, black tea is dried in vats to produce its rich brown or black color.

No one knows when or how tea became popular, but legend has it that tea as a beverage, was discovered in 2737 B. C.  by Emperor Shen Nung of China when leaves from a Camellia dropped into his drinking water as it was boiling over a fire. As the story goes, Emperor Shen Nung drank the resulting liquid and proclaimed the drink to be most nourishing and refreshing. Though this account cannot be documented, it is thought that tea drinking probably originated in China and spread to other parts of Asia, then to Europe, and ultimately to America colonies around 1650.

With about half the caffeine content as coffee, tea is often chosen by those who want to reduce, but not necessarily eliminate their caffeine intake. Some people find that tea is less acidic than coffee and therefore easier on the stomach. Others have become interested in tea drinking since the National Cancer Institute published its findings on the antioxidant properties of tea. But whether tea is enjoyed for its perceived health benefits, its flavor, or as a social drink, teacups continue to be filled daily with the world’s most popular beverage.

Why does the author include statistics on the amount of tea produced, sold and consumed?

A. To show the expense of processing such a large quantity of tea. 

B. To explain why coffee is not the most popular beverage worldwide 

C. To demonstrate tea’s popularity.

D. To impress the reader with factual sounding information.

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the blanks.

Volunteering is generally considered an (16) ______ activity and is intended to promote goodness or improve human quality of life. In return, it produces a feeling of self-worth and respect, rather than money. To volunteer simply means to be motivated and give your time or energy to work forwards an undertaking or cause you are interested in. Volunteering (17)______ individuals the chance to explore avenues that would not usually be open to them. This experience enables an exchange of culture and social contact between volunteers and those who benefit. When children volunteer, they often find themselves in a position where responsibility is required. They gain (18)______ when they know they’ve made a real contribution to a project. Research shows those who volunteer just one hour a week are 50 percent less likely to abuse drugs or alcohol, smoke cigarettes or engage in destructive behaviour. (19)______ my humble opinion, voluntary work needs to be integrated into the school curriculum.We need to motivate young people and make sure we create a culture or social activism where we insist that people help their community to empower others, (20)______ themselves.

Điền ô số 18

A. self-reliance

B. self-esteem

C. self confidence

D. self-discipline

Read the followingpassage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the question.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a change environment, _it may perish. The exact causes of a species’ death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapt. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately,    in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best - known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, affection even organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth’s orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species’ survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

 According to paragraph 2, evidence from fossils suggests that

A. extinction of species has occurred from time to time throughout Earth’s history. 

B. Extinctions on Earth have generally been massive 

C. there has been only one mass extinction in Earth’s history. 

D. dinosaurs became extinct much earlier than scientists originally believed.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual, and specialized communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance. When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate unsureness or fright, confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie them. Here the speaker's tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are usually discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of communication that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and or gesture. The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills, personality, and ability   to   create  empathy   will  determine  the  success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication.

Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed

According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate?

A. Depression                

B. Anger               

C. Lethargy          

D. Boredom

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

She asked why did Mathew look so embarrassed when he saw Carole

A. did Mathew look                

B. asked why                 

C. saw                           

D. embarrassed

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word.

HEALTH AND HAPPINESS

Health experts suggest that ……[14]….... healthy and happy, it’s important to keep our lives in balance. Chinese philosophy, which has spanned thousands of years, uses the principles of yin and yang to explain the importance of balance in life. Explained simply, yang represents the active elements of the universe, ……[15]….... the yin represents the passive elements. This expresses the importance of balance in ……[16]….... of living. Today health experts agree that it’s important to have a balanced life. For example, they’ve said it’s necessary to have a balance between work and rest and to have a balanced exercise program. ……[17]…...., I’m sure you’d agree that in our busy world, it’s not always easy to get and keep balance in our lives.

……[18]….... business or study deadlines, many people work to excess, leaving little time at the end of their busy day to spend with family and friends. They eat fast - food and don’t get enough rest or recreation and then suffer badly from the effects of stress. It’s sad that this situation often happens when people believe that access to ……[19]….... is the answer to happiness instead of understanding the importance of balanced living.

While ambition can be a good thing, ……[20]….... too much ambition can cause a person to become ‘out of balance’. Of course it’s also unbalanced to spend too much time on entertainment and pleasure activities, with little or no time ……[21]….... to work or education. Balance means allocating enough time for all the important aspects of life, such as spending time with family and friends, working or studying, as well as resting and relaxing.

Experts now tell us that having balance in our life is the answer, not only to health and happiness, ……[22]….... to success. If you’re balanced, you’ll have more energy and you’ll reach your ambitions in a more relaxed fashion; with less stress. So ……[23]….... is your life? Do you need to allocate your time differently to have better balance in your life?

Điền vào ô 22

A. but it is the answer    

B. also                           

C. and also           

D. but also

Câu 16:

Tóm tắt:

m₁= 100g= 0.1kg

m₂= 500g= 0.5kg

t₁= 120°C

t₂= 25°

———————————

t= ?

Giải

Theo bài và phương trình cân bằng nhiệt, ta có:

Q₁=Q₂

<=> m₁×c×∆t₁= m₂×c×∆t₂

<=> 0.1×380×(120-t)= 0.5×4200×(t-25)

=> t= 26,68°C

Vậy nhiệt độ của nước khi cân bằng là 26,68°C