1. \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{146.20\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Pt: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 mol 0,8mol \(\rightarrow0,1mol\) \(\rightarrow0,1mol\)
Lập tỉ số: \(n_{Mg}:n_{HCl}=0,1< 0,4\)
\(\Rightarrow\)Mg hết, HCl dư
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(\Sigma_{m\left(spu\right)}=2,4+146-0,1.2=148,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,8-0,2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5.100}{148,2}=14,78\%\)
\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.95.100}{148,2}=6,42\%\)