Cho a, b, c > 0. CMR : \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2b}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Cho a, b, c > 0. CMR : \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2b}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{\left ( \frac{a}{bc} \right )^2}{\frac{1}{c}}+\frac{\left ( \frac{b}{ca} \right )^2}{\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{\left ( \frac{c}{ab} \right )^2}{\frac{1}{b}}\geq \frac{\left ( \frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ac}+\frac{c}{ab} \right )^2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{\left ( \frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc} \right )^2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}\)
Theo hệ quả của BĐT AM-GM thì:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\geq ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{\left ( \frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc} \right )^2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}=\frac{\left ( \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c} \right )^2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Cho a,b,c > 0 và \(a^2+b^2+c^2+abc\ge4\)
CMR: \(\dfrac{2a}{b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{c+a}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{2-a}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{2-b}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{2-c}}\)
Cho a,b,c > 0 . Cmr:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}+\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\)
\(vì:a,b,c>0\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}>0\)
\(Cosi:\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{8}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{4c}.tươngtự:\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{2c};\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{2b}+\dfrac{1}{2c}.\text{cộng vế theo vế ta được:}\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z+t}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{t}\right)\) với các số dương
Ta có: \(\dfrac{4}{a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{4}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
* Ta cm bđt : \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\forall ab\)
+ \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)
Vì bđt thức cuối luôn đúng mà các phép biến đổi trên là tương đương nên ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
+ Áp dụng bđt \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=y\) ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c\)
Do đó : \(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge4\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
+ Áp dụng bđt trên một lần nữa ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c\)
Do đó : \(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\)
\(+\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\)
=> đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Bài 1: CMR:
\(a,\dfrac{a}{b^2}+\dfrac{b}{c^2}+\dfrac{c}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(b,\dfrac{a^3}{b\left(2c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b^3}{c\left(2a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c^3}{a\left(2b+c\right)}\ge1\) với a+b+c=3
Bài 2: \(a,b,c\in N,a+b+c=2021\)
Tìm GTNN \(P=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
Bài 1:
a) Áp dụng bđt Cô - si:
\(\dfrac{a}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{2}{b}\)
Tương tự với 2 phân thức còn lại của vế trái rồi cộng lại, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b^2}+\dfrac{b}{c^2}+\dfrac{c}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\)
=> đpcm
Bài dù a + b + c = 2021 hay 1 số bất kì thì bđt luôn \(\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\). Bạn có thể tham khảo bđt Nesbitt
Bài 2:
\(P=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{2021-\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{2021-\left(c+a\right)}{c+a}+\dfrac{2021-\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}\)
\(=2021\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)-3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Svacxo, ta có
\(P\) ≥ \(\dfrac{9}{2}-3=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu"=" ⇔ ...
Sau khi đã đi tham khảo 7749 người thì đã cho ra một kết quả:v
Bài 2. \(P=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+1+\dfrac{c}{a+b}+1-3\)
\(P=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{c+a}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b}-3\)
\(P=\dfrac{(2a+2b+3c)( \dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\dfrac{1}{a+b})}{2}-3 ≥ \dfrac{9}{2}-3=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu `"="` xảy ra:
\(\Leftrightarrow \begin{cases} a=b=c\\ a+b+c=2021 \end{cases} \)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{2021}{3}\)
Vậy \(min \) \(P=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2021}{3}\)
Bài 1: Cho a,b,c là những số dương thỏa mãn: a+b+c=3
CMR: \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+2b^3}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+2c^3}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+2a^3}\ge1\)
Bài 2: Cho a, b, c thỏa mãn: ab+bc+ca=3
CMR: \(\dfrac{a}{2b^3+1}+\dfrac{b}{2c^3+1}+\dfrac{c}{2a^3+1}\ge1\)
Bài 3: Cho a, b, c > 0. CMR: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\ge a+3b\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=2c
Cho a,b,c >0. Chứng minh rằng
2(\(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}\)) \(\ge\) 1+\(\dfrac{b}{b+2a}+\dfrac{c}{c+2b}+\dfrac{a}{a+2c}\)
Cho a,b,c >0 và a2+b2+c2=3. CMR:
\(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2b^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+b^2c^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+c^2a^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Chứng minh rằng: - K2PI – TOÁN THPT | Chia sẻ Tài liệu, đề thi, hỗ trợ giải toán
Cho a,b,c >0.Chứng minh:
\(P=\dfrac{a^2b}{ab^2+1}+\dfrac{b^2c}{bc^2+1}+\dfrac{c^2a}{ca^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3abc}{1+abc}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+\dfrac{1}{b}}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+\dfrac{1}{c}}+\dfrac{c^2}{ca+\dfrac{1}{a}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{ab+bc+ca+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}}=\dfrac{3}{1+\dfrac{1}{abc}}=\dfrac{3abc}{1+abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Với a, b, c > 0 có:
\(P=\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}\\ =\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(b+2c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\left(c+2a\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(a+2b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(1+\alpha\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(1+\alpha\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
chọn \(\alpha=\dfrac{1}{abc}\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Cho a,b,c khác 0 thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
Tính \(E=\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2-c^2a^2}+\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{b^2c^2+c^2a^2-a^2b^2}+\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{c^2a^2+a^2b^2-b^2c^2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
=> bc+ac+ab=0
ta có
\(bc+ac=-ab\)
<=> \(\left(bc+ac\right)^2=a^2b^2\)
<=> \(b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2abc^2=a^2b^2\)
<=> \(b^2c^2+a^2c^2-a^2b^2=-2abc^2\)
tương tự
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2-c^2a^2=-2ab^2c\)
\(c^2a^2+a^2b^2-b^2c^2=-2a^2bc\)
thay vào E ta đc
\(E=\dfrac{-a^2b^2c^2}{2ab^2c}-\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{2abc^2}-\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{2a^2bc}\)
=\(-\dfrac{ac}{2}-\dfrac{ab}{2}-\dfrac{bc}{2}=\dfrac{-\left(ac+ab+bc\right)}{2}=0\) (vì ac+bc+ab=0 cmt)