Câu 2)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln ^2x\\ dv=x^2dx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=2\frac{\ln x}{x}dx\\ v=\frac{x^3}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow I=\frac{x^3}{3}\ln ^2x-\frac{2}{3}\int x^2\ln xdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} k=\ln x\\ dt=x^2dx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} dk=\frac{dx}{x}\\ t=\frac{x^3}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int x^2\ln xdx=\frac{x^3\ln x}{3}-\int \frac{x^2}{3}dx=\frac{x^3\ln x}{3}-\frac{x^3}{9}+c\)

Do đó \(I=\frac{x^3\ln^2x}{3}-\frac{2}{9}x^3\ln x+\frac{2}{27}x^3+c\)

Câu 3:

\(I=\int\frac{2}{\cos 2x-7}dx=-\int\frac{2}{2\sin^2x+6}dx=-\int\frac{dx}{\sin^2x+3}\)

Đặt \(t=\tan\frac{x}{2}\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} \sin x=\frac{2t}{t^2+1}\\ dx=\frac{2dt}{t^2+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=-\int \frac{2dt}{(t^2+1)\left ( \frac{4t^2}{(t^2+1)^2}+3 \right )}=-\int\frac{2(t^2+1)dt}{3t^4+10t^2+3}=-\int \frac{2d\left ( t-\frac{1}{t} \right )}{3\left ( t-\frac{1}{t} \right )^2+16}=\int\frac{2dk}{3k^2+16}\)

Đặt \(k=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}\tan v\). Đến đây dễ dàng suy ra \(I=\frac{-1}{2\sqrt{3}}v+c\)

Câu 6)

\(I=-\int \frac{\left ( 1-\frac{1}{x^2} \right )dx}{x^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2}}=-\int \frac{d\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )}{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^2}=-\frac{1}{x+\frac{1}{x}}+c=-\frac{x}{x^2+1}+c\)

Câu 8)

\(I=\int \ln \left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)dx=\int \ln (x+1)dx-\int \ln (x-1)dx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I=\int \ln (x+1)d(x+1)-\int \ln (x-1)d(x-1)\)

Xét \(\int \ln tdt\) ta có:

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln t\\ dv=dt\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{dt}{t}\\ v=t\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int \ln tdt=t\ln t-\int dt=t\ln t-t+c\)

\(\Rightarrow I=(x+1)\ln (x+1)-(x+1)-(x-1)\ln (x-1)+x-1+c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I=(x+1)\ln(x+1)-(x-1)\ln(x-1)+c\)

Biến đổi: ʃ\(\int\dfrac{1dx}{cosx\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(cosx-sinx\right)}=\int\dfrac{\sqrt{2}dx}{cos^2x\left(1-tanx\right)}=\int\dfrac{\sqrt{2}d\left(tanx\right)}{1-tanx}=-\sqrt{2}\ln trituyetdoi\left(1-tanx\right)\)

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzeAuHrGhk8hUszunoNtayw

Luyện Thi THPT Quốc Gia miễn phí 100%

a) \(\int\dfrac{2dx}{x^2-5x}=\int\left(\dfrac{-2}{5x}+\dfrac{2}{5\left(x-5\right)}\right)dx=-\dfrac{2}{5}ln\left|x\right|+\dfrac{2}{5}ln\left|x-5\right|+C\)

\(\Rightarrow A=-\dfrac{2}{5};B=\dfrac{2}{5}\Rightarrow2A-3B=-2\)

b) \(\int\dfrac{x^3-1}{x+1}dx=\int\dfrac{x^3+1-2}{x+1}dx=\int\left(x^2-x+1-\dfrac{2}{x+1}\right)dx=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3-\dfrac{1}{2}x^2+x-2ln\left|x+1\right|+C\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{3};B=\dfrac{1}{2};E=-2\Rightarrow A-B+E=-\dfrac{13}{6}\)

\(I=\dfrac{1}{2}\int f\left(x^2\right).d\left(x^2\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\sqrt{\left(x^2\right)^2+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\sqrt{x^4+1}\)

\(=\int\left(x-4-\dfrac{4}{x-1}-\dfrac{9}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\right)dx\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2-4x-4ln\left|x-1\right|+\dfrac{9}{x-1}+C\)

a) Đặt \(\sqrt{2x-5}=t\) khi đó \(x=\frac{t^2+5}{2}\) , \(dx=tdt\)

Do vậy \(I_1=\int\frac{\frac{1}{4}\left(t^2+5\right)^2+3}{t^3}dt=\frac{1}{4}\int\frac{\left(t^4+10t^2+37\right)t}{t^3}dt\)

                \(=\frac{1}{4}\int\left(t^2+10+\frac{37}{t^2}\right)dt=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{t^3}{3}+10t-\frac{37}{t}\right)+C\)

Trở về biến x, thu được :

\(I_1=\frac{1}{12}\sqrt{\left(2x-5\right)^3}+\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{2x-5}-\frac{37}{4\sqrt{2x-5}}+C\)

b) \(I_2=\frac{1}{3}\int\frac{d\left(\ln\left(3x-1\right)\right)}{\ln\left(3x-1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\ln\left|\ln\left(3x-1\right)\right|+C\)

c) \(I_3=\int\frac{1+\frac{1}{x^2}}{\sqrt{x^2-7+\frac{1}{x^2}}}dx=\int\frac{d\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)}{\sqrt{\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-5}}\)

Đặt \(x-\frac{1}{x}=t\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(I_3=\int\frac{dt}{\sqrt{t^2-5}}=\ln\left|t+\sqrt{t^2-5}\right|+C\)

                           \(=\ln\left|x-\frac{1}{x}+\sqrt{x^2-7+\frac{1}{x^2}}\right|+C\)

Chịu thôi khó quá.

\(I=\dfrac{1}{2}\int f\left(x^2\right)d\left(x^2\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\sqrt{\left(x^2\right)^2+1}+C=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\sqrt{x^4+1}+C\)

Làm tiếp

\(t=\sqrt{x^4+1}\Rightarrow dt=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(x^4+1\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}.4.x^3=\dfrac{2x^3}{\sqrt{x^4+1}}dx\Rightarrow dx=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x^4+1}dt}{x^3}dt\)

\(\Rightarrow\int x.\dfrac{2x^4+1}{\sqrt{x^4+1}}dx=\dfrac{1}{2}\int x.\dfrac{2x^4+1}{\sqrt{x^4+1}}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x^4+1}}{x^3}dt=\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{2x^4+1}{x^2}dt=\dfrac{1}{2}\int2x^2dt+\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{dt}{x^2}=\int\sqrt{t^2-1}dt+\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{dt}{\sqrt{t^2-1}}\)

Tất cả đã về dạng cơ bản

Xet \(I_1=\int\sqrt{t^2-1}dt\)

\(\sqrt{t^2-1}=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2t^2-1}{\sqrt{t^2-1}}-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{t^2-1}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{t^2-1}+\dfrac{t^2}{\sqrt{t^2-1}}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{t^2-1}}\)

\(\left(t\sqrt{t^2-1}\right)'=\sqrt{t^2-1}+\dfrac{t^2}{\sqrt{t^2-1}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\sqrt{t^2-1}dt=\dfrac{1}{2}\int\left(t\sqrt{t^2-1}\right)'dt-\dfrac{1}{2}\int\dfrac{dt}{\sqrt{t^2-1}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(t\sqrt{t^2-1}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}ln\left|t+\sqrt{t^2-1}\right|+C\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{1}{2}t\sqrt{t^2-1}-\dfrac{1}{2}ln\left|t+\sqrt{t^2-1}\right|+\dfrac{1}{2}ln\left|t+\sqrt{t^2-1}\right|=\dfrac{1}{2}t\sqrt{t^2-1}=\dfrac{1}{2}.x^2\sqrt{x^4+1}+C\)

Một cách làm khác đến từ vị trí của dân chuyên Toán :v Hãi hơn cái cách mình làm bao nhiêu ra. À bạn ấy làm từ cái tính nguyên hàm \(\int x.\dfrac{2x^4+1}{\sqrt{x^4+1}}dx\) trở đi nhá!

a) \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{3x^2+3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)x}=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x+2}+\frac{C}{x}=\frac{Ax\left(x+2\right)+Bx\left(x-1\right)+C\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)x}\)

Bằng cách thay các nghiệm thực của mẫu số vào hai tử số, ta có hệ :

\(\begin{cases}x=1\rightarrow18=3A\Leftrightarrow A=6\\x=-2\rightarrow18=6B\Leftrightarrow B=3\\x=0\rightarrow12=-2C\Leftrightarrow=-6\end{cases}\) \(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=\frac{6}{x-1}+\frac{3}{x+2}-\frac{6}{x}\)

Vậy : \(\int\frac{3x^2+3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)x}dx=\int\left(\frac{6}{x-1}+\frac{3}{x+2}-\frac{6}{x}\right)dx=6\ln\left|x-1\right|+3\ln\left|x+2\right|-6\ln\left|x\right|+C\)

b) \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2+2x+6}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)}=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x-2}+\frac{C}{x-4}\)

\(=\frac{A\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)+B\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)+C\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)

Bằng cách thay các nghiệm của mẫu số vào hai tử số ta có hệ :

\(\begin{cases}x=1\rightarrow9A=3\Leftrightarrow x=3\\x=2\rightarrow14=-2B\Leftrightarrow x=-7\\x=4\rightarrow30=6C\Leftrightarrow C=5\end{cases}\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=\frac{3}{x-1}-\frac{7}{x-2}+\frac{5}{x-4}\)

Vậy :

\(\int\frac{x^2+2x+6}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)}dx=\)\(\int\left(\frac{3}{x-1}+\frac{7}{x-2}+\frac{5}{x-4}\right)dx\)=\(3\ln\left|x-1\right|-7\ln\left|x-2\right|+5\ln\left|x-4\right|+C\)