Tính một cách hợp lí:
\(A = \left( { - \dfrac{3}{{11}}} \right) + \dfrac{{11}}{8} - \dfrac{3}{8} + \left( { - \dfrac{8}{{11}}} \right)\)
Tính hợp lí:
d) \(\dfrac{-7}{9}.\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{-7}{9}.\dfrac{8}{11}+1\dfrac{7}{9}\)
e) \(\dfrac{7}{35}.\dfrac{10}{19}+\dfrac{7}{35}.\dfrac{9}{19}-\dfrac{2}{35}\)
f) \(\left(-25\right).125.4.\left(-8\right).\left(-17\right)\)
d: \(=\dfrac{-7}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{8}{11}\right)+1+\dfrac{7}{9}=1\)
e: \(=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\dfrac{10}{19}+\dfrac{9}{19}\right)-\dfrac{2}{35}=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{2}{35}=\dfrac{5}{35}=\dfrac{1}{7}\)
f: \(=\left(-25\cdot4\right)\cdot\left(-8\cdot125\right)\cdot\left(-17\right)=-1700000\)
Tính hợp lý:
\(A=\dfrac{7}{12}+\dfrac{5}{12}:6-\dfrac{11}{36}\) \(B=\left(\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right):\left(\dfrac{3}{13}-\dfrac{8}{13}\right)\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{5}{11}\right):\left(\dfrac{5}{12}+1-\dfrac{7}{11}\right)\)
a: \(A=\dfrac{7}{12}+\dfrac{5}{72}-\dfrac{11}{36}=\dfrac{42}{72}+\dfrac{5}{72}-\dfrac{22}{72}=\dfrac{25}{72}\)
b: \(B=\dfrac{8+5}{10}:\dfrac{-5}{13}=\dfrac{13}{10}\cdot\dfrac{13}{-5}=-\dfrac{169}{100}\)
c: \(C=\left(\dfrac{88}{132}-\dfrac{33}{132}+\dfrac{60}{132}\right):\left(\dfrac{55}{132}+\dfrac{132}{132}-\dfrac{84}{132}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{88-33+60}{55+132-84}=\dfrac{115}{103}\)
Tính một cách hợp lí :
a) \(4\dfrac{3}{4}+\left(-0.37\right)+\dfrac{1}{8}+\left(-1,28\right)+\left(-2,5\right)+3\dfrac{1}{12}\)
b) \(\dfrac{3}{5.7}+\dfrac{3}{7.9}+...+\dfrac{3}{59.61}\)
c) \(\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{22}+\dfrac{3}{13}-\dfrac{1}{2}}{\dfrac{4}{13}-\dfrac{2}{11}+\dfrac{3}{2}}\)
Tính giá trị các biểu thức sau một cách hợp lí :
\(A=\dfrac{7}{19}.\dfrac{8}{11}+\dfrac{7}{19}.\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{12}{19}\)
\(B=\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{7}{13}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{9}{13}-\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{3}{13}\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\)
Gợi ý: Sử dụng tính chất phân phối của phép nhân đối với phép cộng để nhóm thừa số chung ra ngoài.
\(\dfrac{11}{8}.\left[\left(-\dfrac{5}{11}:\dfrac{13}{8}-\dfrac{5}{11}:\dfrac{13}{15}\right)+\dfrac{-6}{33}\right]+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{11}{8}\cdot\left[\left(-\dfrac{5}{11}:\dfrac{13}{8}-\dfrac{5}{11}:\dfrac{13}{15}\right)+\dfrac{-6}{33}\right]+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{8}\cdot\left[\left(-\dfrac{5}{11}\cdot\dfrac{8}{13}-\dfrac{5}{11}\cdot\dfrac{15}{13}\right)-\dfrac{2}{11}\right]-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{8}\cdot\left[-\dfrac{5}{11}\cdot\left(\dfrac{8}{13}+\dfrac{15}{13}\right)-\dfrac{2}{11}\right]-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{8}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{5}{11}\cdot\dfrac{23}{13}-\dfrac{2}{11}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{8}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{115}{143}-\dfrac{2}{11}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{8}\cdot\dfrac{-141}{143}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=-\dfrac{141}{104}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=-\dfrac{219}{104}\)
\(\left[\left(\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{11}{23}\right):\dfrac{5}{9}+\left(\dfrac{-5}{8}+\dfrac{12}{23}\right):\dfrac{5}{9}\right].\dfrac{11}{235}\)
\(\left[\left(\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{11}{23}\right):\dfrac{5}{9}+\left(\dfrac{-5}{8}+\dfrac{12}{23}\right):\dfrac{5}{9}\right]\cdot\dfrac{11}{235}\)
\(=\left[\left(\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{11}{23}\right)\cdot\dfrac{9}{5}+\left(\dfrac{-5}{8}+\dfrac{12}{23}\right)\cdot\dfrac{9}{5}\right]\cdot\dfrac{11}{235}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{5}\cdot\left(\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{11}{23}+\dfrac{-5}{8}+\dfrac{12}{23}\right)\cdot\dfrac{11}{235}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{5}\cdot\left[\left(\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{-5}{8}\right)+\left(\dfrac{11}{23}+\dfrac{12}{23}\right)\right]\cdot\dfrac{11}{235}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{5}\cdot\left(-1+1\right)\cdot\dfrac{11}{235}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{5}\cdot0\cdot\dfrac{11}{235}\)
\(=0\)
\(\left(\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{2}{11}\right):\left(\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{3}{5}\right)\)
Tính hợp lí
(2/5 + 2/7 - 2/11) : (3/7 - 3/11 + 3/5)
= 194/385 : 291/385
= 194/385 . 385/291
= 2/3
a)\(\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}-}{\dfrac{8}{3}-}\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{5}+}{\dfrac{8}{5}+}\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{7}-}{\dfrac{8}{7}-}\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{9}+}{\dfrac{8}{9}+}\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{11}}{\dfrac{8}{11}}\)
b)\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-1\right)...\left(\dfrac{1}{50}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{51}-1\right)\)
Lời giải:
a)
\(\frac{\frac{2}{3}-\frac{2}{5}+\frac{2}{7}-\frac{2}{9}+\frac{2}{11}}{\frac{8}{3}-\frac{8}{5}+\frac{8}{7}-\frac{8}{9}+\frac{8}{11}}=\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{11}\right)}{8\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{11}\right)}\) \(=\frac{2}{8}=\frac{1}{4}\)
b)
\(\left(\frac{1}{2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}-1\right)....\left(\frac{1}{50}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{51}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1-2}{2}.\frac{1-3}{3}.\frac{1-4}{4}....\frac{1-50}{50}.\frac{1-51}{2}=\frac{(-1)(-2)(-3)...(-49)(-50)}{2.3.4....50.51}\)
\(=\frac{(-1)^{50}.1.2.3....49.50}{2.3.4...50.51}=\frac{1}{51}\)
tính
a)\(\dfrac{-10}{11}.\dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{7}{18}.\dfrac{10}{11}\)
b)\(\dfrac{3}{14}:\dfrac{1}{28}-\dfrac{13}{21}:\dfrac{1}{28}+\dfrac{29}{42}:\dfrac{1}{28}-8\)
c)\(-1\dfrac{5}{7}.15+\dfrac{2}{7}\left(-15\right)+\left(-105\right).\left(\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\)
a)\(\dfrac{-10}{11}.\dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{7}{18}.\dfrac{10}{11}\)
=\(\dfrac{10}{11}.\dfrac{-8}{9}+\dfrac{7}{18}.\dfrac{10}{11}\)
=\(\dfrac{10}{11}(\dfrac{-8}{9}+\dfrac{7}{18})\)
=\(\dfrac{10}{11}.\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
=\(\dfrac{-5}{11}\)
b;
B = \(\dfrac{3}{14}\) : \(\dfrac{1}{28}\) - \(\dfrac{13}{21}\): \(\dfrac{1}{28}\) + \(\dfrac{29}{42}\) : \(\dfrac{1}{28}\) - 8
B = (\(\dfrac{3}{14}\) - \(\dfrac{13}{21}\) + \(\dfrac{29}{42}\)) - 8
B = (\(\dfrac{9}{42}\) - \(\dfrac{26}{42}\) + \(\dfrac{29}{42}\)) - 8
B = (\(\dfrac{-17}{42}\) + \(\dfrac{29}{42}\)) - 8
B = \(\dfrac{2}{7}\) - 8
B = \(\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{56}{7}\)
B = - \(\dfrac{54}{7}\)
c; C = -1\(\dfrac{5}{7}\).15 + \(\dfrac{2}{7}\)(-15) + (-105).(\(\dfrac{2}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{4}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{7}\))
C = - 15.(- 1 - \(\dfrac{5}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{2}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{14}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{28}{5}\) + \(1\))
C = -15.[(1 - 1) - (\(\dfrac{5}{7}\) - \(\dfrac{2}{7}\)) + \(\dfrac{14}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{28}{5}\)]
C = -15.[0 - \(\dfrac{3}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{14}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{28}{5}\)]
C = -15 . [- \(\dfrac{45}{105}\) + \(\dfrac{490}{105}\) - \(\dfrac{588}{105}\)]
C = -15. [ \(\dfrac{445}{105}\) - \(\dfrac{588}{105}\)]
C = - 15.(- \(\dfrac{143}{105}\))
C = \(\dfrac{143}{7}\)