Với a,c,b,d,e,f là số dương
CMR:
\(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{c^2+d^2}+\sqrt{e^2+f^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+c+e\right)^2+\left(b+d+f\right)^2}\)
Với a,c,b,d,e,f là số dương
CMR:
\(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{c^2+d^2}+\sqrt{e^2+f^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+c+e\right)^2+\left(b+d+f\right)^2}\)
Cho a,b,c,d,e,f là các số dương. CMR:
\(\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(d+e+f\right)^2}\le\sqrt{a^2+d^2}+\sqrt{b^2+e^2}+\sqrt{c^2+f^2}\)
Mincopxki
\(\sqrt{a^2+d^2}+\sqrt{b^2+e^2}+\sqrt{c^2+f^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(d+e\right)^2}+\sqrt{c^2+f^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(d+e+f\right)^2}\)
Tìm GTLN của:
a. \(A=x+\sqrt{2-x}\)
b.\(A=x\sqrt{1-x^2}\)
c. \(C=\left|x-y\right|\) với \(x+4y^2=1\)
d. \(D=a^2+b^2+c^2\) với \(-1\le a,b,c\le3,a+b+c=1\)
e. \(E=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\) với \(a>0,b>0,a+b\le1\)
f. \(F=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\)
Với a,b,c,d là các số dương và \(a+b+c+d\le1\)
g. \(G=\dfrac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\) Với a,b,c là các số dương và abc=1
h. \(H=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Với a,b,c là các số dương thỏa mãn \(1\le a\le b\le c\le2\)
i. \(I=x^2\sqrt{9-x^2}\)
a. \(\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^2}=x+1\)
b. \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=x+1\)
c. \(\sqrt{x+3}=5\)
d. \(\sqrt{x+2}=\sqrt{7}\)
e. \(5\sqrt{x}=20\)
f. \(\sqrt{x+4}=7\)
g. \(\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=3\)
a, \(\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^2}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+3\right|=x+1\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=x+1\\2x+3\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x\ge-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm.
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2x-3=x+1\\2x+3< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\x< -\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm.
b,
a, \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=x+1\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=x+1\\2x-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2x+1=x+1\\2x-1< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x< \dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
a)\(\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3x}}\)
b) \(\sqrt{\sqrt{6x}-4x}\)
c) \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-7\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+7\right)}\)
d) \(\sqrt{\left(x-6\right)^6}\)
e) \(\sqrt{-12x+5}\)
f) \(2-4\sqrt{5x+8}\)
g) \(\sqrt{x^2-9}\)
6. Bất đẳng thức
Bài 9: Cho a, b, c, d, e \(\in\) R. Chứng minh các bất đẳng thức sau:
a. \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
b. \(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
c. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
d. \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2\left(ab+bc-ca\right)\)
e. \(a^4+b^4+c^2+1\ge2a\left(ab^2-a+c+1\right)\)
f. \(\frac{a^2}{4}+b^2+c^2\ge ab-ac+2bc\)
g. \(a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\ge6abc\)
h. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
i. \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\) với a, b, c >0
k. \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\) với a, b, c \(\ge\)0
a.
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
(luôn đúng)
b. Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab,a^2+1\ge2a,b^2+1\ge2b\)\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+1\right)\ge2\left(ab+a+b\right)\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
c. Tương tự câu b
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có
i. \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}},\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{bc}},\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ca}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\)
k. Tương tự câu i
\(C=\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{2x-5\sqrt{x}+3}-\dfrac{5}{2\sqrt{x}-3}\right)\div\left(3+\dfrac{2}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
a) Rút gọn C
b) Tính C với \(x=\dfrac{2}{2-\sqrt{3}}\)
c) Tìm x để C= –1
d) Tìm x để C > 0
e) So sánh C’ với –2
f) Tìm GRNN của C’ với C’=\(\dfrac{1}{C}\times\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
i)Tìm \(x\in Z\) để \(C'\in Z\) g) Tìm m để pt C’.m = –1 có nghiệm
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=0\\x\notin\left\{1;\dfrac{25}{9};\dfrac{9}{4}\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(C=\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{5}{2\sqrt{x}-3}\right):\left(3-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-5\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}:\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-3-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-5\sqrt{x}+5}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{3\sqrt{x}-5}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}-3}\)
b: \(x=\dfrac{2}{2-\sqrt{3}}=2\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)=4+2\sqrt{3}\)
Khi \(x=4+2\sqrt{3}\) thì \(C=-\dfrac{1}{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)-3}=\dfrac{-1}{2\sqrt{3}-1}=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{3}-1}{11}\)
c: C=-1
=>\(2\sqrt{x}-3=1\)
=>\(\sqrt{x}=2\)
=>x=4(nhận)
d: C>0
=>\(2\sqrt{x}-3< 0\)
=>\(\sqrt{x}< \dfrac{3}{2}\)
=>\(0< =x< \dfrac{9}{4}\)
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ, ta được: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0< =x< \dfrac{9}{4}\\x< >1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Rút gọn:
a, A = \(\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)^2}-1\) với x < 1
b, B = \(\frac{3-\sqrt{x}}{x-9}\) với x ≥ 0 và x ≠ 9
c, C = \(\frac{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}{\sqrt{x}-3}\) với x ≥ 0 và x ≠ 9
d, D = 5 - 3x - \(\sqrt{25-10x+x^2}\) với x < 5
e, E = \(\sqrt{3a}.\sqrt{27a}\) với a ≥ 0
f, F = \(\frac{1}{a-1}\sqrt{9\left(a-1\right)^2}\) với a > 1
a, \(A=\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)^2}-1=\left|1-x\right|-1=1-x-1\)(vì x<1)
<=> A=\(-x\)
b,B=\(\frac{3-\sqrt{x}}{x-9}\left(x\ge0,x\ne9\right)\)
=\(\frac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
Vậy \(B=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
c, C=\(\frac{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}{\sqrt{x}-3}\left(x\ge0,x\ne9\right)\)
=\(\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+6}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)=\(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-3\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)=\(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)=\(\sqrt{x}-2\)
Vậy C= \(\sqrt{x}-2\)
d, D=\(5-3x-\sqrt{25-10x+x^2}\left(x< 5\right)\)
= \(5-3x-\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)^2}\)=\(5-3x-\left|5-x\right|\)=\(5-3x-5+x\) (vì x<5)=-2x
Vậy D=-2x
e, E=\(\sqrt{3a}.\sqrt{27a}\) (đk \(a\ge0\))
=\(\sqrt{3.27.a^2}=\sqrt{3^4}.a=9a\)
Vậy E=9a
f, F=\(\frac{1}{a-1}\sqrt{9\left(a-1\right)^2}\) (đk :a>1)
= \(\frac{1}{a-1}.3\left|a-1\right|\)=\(\frac{1}{a-1}.3\left(a-1\right)\) (vì a>1)=3
Vậy F=3
Bài 1: Rút gọn biểu thức
a) \(A=\sqrt{26+15\sqrt{3}}\)
b) \(B=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{2}\)
c) \(C=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{15}}\)
d) \(D=\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)\left(5+\sqrt{24}\right)\sqrt{5-\sqrt{24}}\)
e) \(E=\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)\)
f) \(F=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}}\)
g) \(G=\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\sqrt{26+15\sqrt{3}}-\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\sqrt{26-15\sqrt{3}}\)
h) \(H=\frac{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\)
a)
\(A=\sqrt{26+15\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{\frac{52+30\sqrt{3}}{2}}=\sqrt{\frac{27+25+2\sqrt{27.25}}{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{(\sqrt{27}+\sqrt{25})^2}{2}}=\frac{\sqrt{27}+\sqrt{25}}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}+5}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3\sqrt{6}+5\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
b)
\(B\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}-2\)
\(=\sqrt{7+1+2\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{7+1-2\sqrt{7}}-2\)
\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{7}+1)^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{7}-1)^2}-2=\sqrt{7}+1-(\sqrt{7}-1)-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow B=0\)
c)
\(C=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{15}}=\sqrt{3+5-2\sqrt{3.5}}-\sqrt{3+5+2\sqrt{3.5}}\)
\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})^2}=(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})-(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})=-2\sqrt{3}\)
d)
\(D=(\sqrt{6}-2)(5+2\sqrt{6})\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})(2+3+2\sqrt{2.3})\sqrt{2+3-2\sqrt{2.3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})^2\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})^2(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})^2=\sqrt{2}[(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})]^2\)
\(=\sqrt{2}.1^2=\sqrt{2}\)
e)
\(E=(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2})\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}=(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=(\sqrt{5}-1)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}=(\sqrt{5}-1)\sqrt{5+1+2\sqrt{5.1}}\)
\(=(\sqrt{5}-1)\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}+1)^2}=(\sqrt{5}-1)(\sqrt{5}+1)=4\)
f)
\(F=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{20+9-2\sqrt{20.9}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{(\sqrt{20}-3)^2}}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-(\sqrt{20}-3)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5+1-2\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-1)^2}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-(\sqrt{5}-1)}=\sqrt{1}=1\)
g) Áp dụng kết quả phần a):
\(G=(2-\sqrt{3}).\frac{3\sqrt{6}+5\sqrt{2}}{2}-(2+\sqrt{3}).\frac{3\sqrt{6}-5\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{2}=\sqrt{2}\)
h)
\(H=\frac{(2+\sqrt{3})\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}=\sqrt{\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2+\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}{(2+\sqrt{3})(2-\sqrt{3})}}=\sqrt{\frac{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}{2^2-3}}=\sqrt{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}=2-\sqrt{3}\)