\(A=\dfrac{-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+4x^2+4xy+y^2}{x^2+2xy+y^2}=-1+\left(\dfrac{2x+y}{x+y}\right)^2\ge-1\)

\(A_{min}=-1\) khi \(2x+y=0\)

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a: \(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2x^2-7\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+2x^2-7\ge-7\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=y=0

b: \(B=4x^2+4x+1-1=\left(2x+1\right)^2-1\ge-1\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1/2

\(A=\dfrac{3x^2-2xy}{x^2+2xy+y^2}=\dfrac{15x^2-10xy}{5\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+16x^2-8xy+y^2}{5\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)}\)

\(A=-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{\left(4x-y\right)^2}{5\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge-\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(A_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{5}\) khi \(4x-y=0\)

Lời giải:

$2Q=2x^2+2xy+2y^2-6x-6y+3998$

$=(x^2+2xy+y^2)+x^2+y^2-6x-6y+3998$

$=(x+y)^2-4(x+y)+(x^2-2x)+(y^2-2y)+3998$

$=(x+y)^2-4(x+y)+4+(x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-2y+1)+3992$

$=(x+y-2)^2+(x-1)^2+(y-1)^2+3992\geq 3992$

$\Rightarrow Q\geq 1996$

Vậy $Q_{\min}=1996$ khi $x+y-2=x-1=y-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=y=1$

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$R=(x^2+2xy+y^2)+x^2-2x+2y+15$

$=(x+y)^2+2(x+y)+x^2-4x+15$

$=(x+y)^2+2(x+y)+1+(x^2-4x+4)+10$

$=(x+y+1)^2+(x-2)^2+10\geq 10$
Vậy $R_{\min}=10$ khi $x+y+1=x-2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2; y=-3$

\(A=\left(y^2+2xy+x^2\right)+\left(2x^2+4x+2\right)-2\)

\(A=\left(y+x\right)^2+2\left(x+1\right)^2-2\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow A\ge-2\)

GTNN A =-2 khi x =-1;y=1