III. Match the words to their definitions.
1. gripping                     a. funny and interesting
2. scary                           b. extremely good
3. violent                  c. causing strong feelings of sadness or sympathy
4. boring                                d. very surprising, and difficult to believe
5. moving                                  e. not surprising
6. entertaining                         f. frightening
7. predictable                     g. using or involving force to hurt or attack
8. hilarious                                  h, very exciting
9. shocking                                i. not interesting
10. incredible                            j. extremely funny

Read the article on the future of human beings. Match paragraphs 1-5 with pictures A - E.

FACES OF THE FUTURE

Humans have adapted and changed through the ages and, unless a catastrophe destroys the Earth, we'll probably survive and continue to change. Scientists are already saying that children born now might live until they're 150. Further into the future, perhaps people won't die but simply buy new body parts as they get older!

What other changes are possible in the years ahead?

1. Homo Informaticus

If we continue to use computers and screens more and more, our eyes and brains will probably get bigger in order to process more information.

2. Neo-humans

If there’s a terrible war or an epidemic, survivors might leave the cities and live in caves. They'll become stronger, hairier and more agile.

3. Homo Perfectus

If scientists manipulate human genes, will some people pay to have children who are better looking, healthier and more intelligent than ‘normal’ humans?

4. Cyborgs

Soldiers of the future might be part human, part machine, with super-strong body parts, auto-zoom eyes and a brain connected by Wi-Fi to super computers.

5. Space humans

If the Earth gets too crowded, humans will move to other planets. If they adapt to a different atmosphere and gravity on another planet, they won't look the same as humans on Earth.

Which possibilities do you think are most likely? 

VOCABULARY Match nine of the words below with meanings 1-8. Check the meaning of all the words.

Describing houses and rooms

1. uncomfortably small

2. very small

3. quiet

4. far from other places

5. modern

6. in a good location

7. in very bad condition

8. large (two words)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Beads were probably the first durable ornaments humans possessed, and the intimate relationship they had with their owners is reflected in the fact that beads are among the most common items found in ancient archaeological sites. In the past, as today, men, women, and children adorned themselves with beads. In some cultures still, certain beads are often worn from birth until death, and then are buried with their owners for the afterlife. Abrasion due to daily wear alters the surface features of beads, and if they are buried for long, the effects of corrosion can further change their appearance. Thus, interest is imparted to the bead both by use and the effects of time. 

Besides their wearability, either as jewelry or incorporated into articles of attire, beads possess the desirable characteristics of every collectible, they are durable, portable, available in infinite variety, and often valuable in their original cultural context as well as in today's market. Pleasing to look at and touch, beads come in shapes, colors, and materials that almost compel one to handle them and to sort them. 

Beads are miniature bundles of secrets waiting to be revealed: their history, manufacture, cultural context, economic role, and ornamental use are all points of information one hopes to unravel. Even the most mundane beads may have traveled great distances and been exposed to many human experiences. The bead researcher must gather information from many diverse fields. In addition to having to be a generalist while specializing in what may seem to be a narrow field, the researcher is faced with the problem of primary materials that have little or no documentation. Many ancient beads that are of ethnographic interest have often been separated from their original cultural context. 

The special attractions of beads contribute to the uniqueness of bead research. While often regarded as the "small change of civilizations", beads are a part of every culture, and they can often be used to date archaeological sites and to designate the degree of mercantile, technological, and cultural sophistication.

Knowledge of the history of some beads may be useful in the studies done by which of the following _________.

A. Anthropologists 

B. Agricultural experts  

C. Medical researchers 

D. Economists

Paleontologists with the San Diego Natural History Museum discovered the remains of the elephant-like animal more than 20 years ago. But it wasn't until now that scientists were able to accurately date the findings, and possibly rewrite the history of the New World as we know it.

"This is a whole new ball game," Steve Holen, co-director of the Center for American Paleolithic Research and the paper's lead author, told CNN. The discovery changes the understanding of when humans reached North America. The study, to be published this week in the science journal Nature, said the numerous limb bones fragments of a young male mastodon found at the site show spiral fractures, indicating they were broken while fresh.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Beads were probably the first durable ornaments humans possessed, and the intimate relationship they had with their owners is reflected in the fact that beads are among the most common items found in ancient archaeological sites. In the past, as today, men, women, and children adorned themselves with beads. In some cultures still, certain beads are often worn from birth until death, and then are buried with their owners for the afterlife. Abrasion due to daily wear alters the surface features of beads, and if they are buried for long, the effects of corrosion can further change their appearance. Thus, interest is imparted to the bead both by use and the effects of time. 

Besides their wearability, either as jewelry or incorporated into articles of attire, beads possess the desirable characteristics of every collectible, they are durable, portable, available in infinite variety, and often valuable in their original cultural context as well as in today's market. Pleasing to look at and touch, beads come in shapes, colors, and materials that almost compel one to handle them and to sort them. 

Beads are miniature bundles of secrets waiting to be revealed: their history, manufacture, cultural context, economic role, and ornamental use are all points of information one hopes to unravel. Even the most mundane beads may have traveled great distances and been exposed to many human experiences. The bead researcher must gather information from many diverse fields. In addition to having to be a generalist while specializing in what may seem to be a narrow field, the researcher is faced with the problem of primary materials that have little or no documentation. Many ancient beads that are of ethnographic interest have often been separated from their original cultural context. 

The special attractions of beads contribute to the uniqueness of bead research. While often regarded as the "small change of civilizations", beads are a part of every culture, and they can often be used to date archaeological sites and to designate the degree of mercantile, technological, and cultural sophistication.

It is difficult to trace the history of certain ancient beads because they __________.

A. are small in size          

B. have been buried underground         

C. have been moved from their original locations          

D. are frequently lost

Read the definitions and then match them with the words.

 ___________ A film that usually features lots of stunts and fighting.

Match the words and phrases with their meanings.

Complete the following sentences by circling the best choice (A, B or C) of vocabulary and grammar structures.

1.     They delayed.................... the match because the weather was too bad.

A. holding                               B. having held                        C. being held

2.      Lim made a big mistake at the office but his manager didn't expel him. He's lucky................................................................................................................ an

opportunity to fix it.

A. to have been given             B. to having given                  C. to having been given

3.     Having..................... of wood, the house was fire risk.

A. being been built                  B. been built                           C. being built.

4.    ………………..him as the poor, I often bring old clothes to him.

A. Being known                      B. Knowing                            C. Having been known

5.     The manager admits.................. in the scandal.

A. to be involved                    B. having involved                 C. having been involved

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