\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

A. \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)

B. Theo PTHH: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,4.127=50,8\left(g\right)\)

C. Nồng độ mol:

\(C_M=\dfrac{0,4}{0,3}=1,3\left(M\right)\)

TN1: Gọi (n_Cu, n_Al, n_Fe) = (a,b,c)

=> 64a + 27b + 56c = 14,3 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

             b----------------------->1,5b

            Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

              c----------------------->c

=> 1,5b + c = 0,3 (2)

TN2: Gọi (n_Cu, n_Al, n_Fe) = (ak,bk,ck)

=> ak + bk + ck = 0,6 (3)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Cu + O₂ --t^o--> 2CuO

            ak--->0,5ak

            4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

           bk--->0,75bk

            3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O₄

           ck-->\(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\)

=> 0,5ak + 0,75bk + \(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\) = 0,4 (4)

(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,15\left(mol\right)\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,05.64}{14,3}.100\%=22,38\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{14,3}.100\%=18,88\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,3}.100\%=58,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi CTHH của muối là R₂CO₃

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaSO_4}=\dfrac{46,6}{233}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaCO_3}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2\left(BaCO_3\right)}\\n_{R_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2\left(còn.lại\right)}=0,3-0.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{R_2CO_3}=0,1\cdot\left(2R+60\right)=50-0,2\cdot197=10,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow R=23\) 

  Vậy kim loại cần tìm là Natri

a, Ta có: 65n_Zn + 27n_Al = 11,9 (1)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{9,916}{24,79}=0,4\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ m_Zn = 0,1.65 = 6,5 (g)

m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)

b, Theo PT: n_ZnCl2 = n_Zn = 0,1 (mol)

n_AlCl3 = n_Al = 0,2 (mol)

⇒ m _muối = 0,1.136 + 0,2.133,5 = 40,3 (g)

c, Theo PT: n_HCl = 2n_H2 = 0,8 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{10\%}=292\left(g\right)\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

1,5      1,5            1,5         1,5 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(a,m_{Fe}=1,5.56=84\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=1,5.98=147\left(g\right)\)

\(b,m_{FeSO_4}=1,5.152=228\left(g\right)\)

\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4(g)\\ b,m_{hh}=5,4+12,8=18,2(g)\\ c,n_{HCl}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

_____0,2<----0,6<---------------0,3

=> m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4(g)

b) m_hh = 5,4 + 12,8 = 18,2(g)

c) \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\)

2Al + 2H₂O + 2NaOH→ 3H₂ + 2NaAlO₂

0,2mol 0,3mol

mAl=0,2.27=5,4g

2Al + 6HCl→ 2AlCl₃+ 3H₂

0,2mol 0,3mol

Fe + 2HCl→ FeCl₂+ H₂

0,15mol 0,45-0,3 mol

mFe=0,15.56=8,4g

mCu=32,8-(6,4+8,4)=18g

%mFe=\(\frac{8,4}{32,8}.100=25,6\%\)

%mCu=\(\frac{18}{32,8}.100=54,8\%\)

%mAl=19,6%