Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P

Ta có:

\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy+\left(x+y+z\right)z}+\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{xy}+z\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+x+y+z}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+1}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=1\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)

Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}+\sqrt{y\left(x+y+z\right)+zx}+\sqrt{z\left(x+y+z\right)+xy}\ge1+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\ge1+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\). (1)

Theo bđt Bunhiakowski:

\(\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\ge x+\sqrt{yz}\).

Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}\ge y+\sqrt{zx}\); \(\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\ge z+\sqrt{xy}\).

Cộng vế với vế và kết hợp với gt x + y + z = 1 ta có (1) đúng.

Vậy ta có đpcm.

\(\sqrt{x+yz}=\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\ge x+\sqrt{yz}\)

Tương tự:

\(\sqrt{y+zx}\ge y+\sqrt{zx}\) ; \(\sqrt{z+xy}\ge z+\sqrt{xy}\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(VT\ge\left(x+y+z\right)+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=...\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Có \(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x+y+2z}}\)\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{\left(1+1+2\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)}}\)\(\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}}\) (theo bunhia dưới mẫu)\(\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)

Tương tự cũng có:

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{y+z+2x}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{z+x+2y}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\)

Cộng vế với vế ta được:

 \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{9}\)

hay

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$x^3+1=(x+1)(x^2-x+1)\leq \left(\frac{x+1+x^2-x+1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{(x^2+2)^2}{4}$

$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x^3+1}\leq \frac{x^2+2}{2}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^3+1}}\geq \frac{2}{x^2+2}$. Tương tự với các phân thức khác và cộng theo vế:

$\sum \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^3+1}}\geq 2\sum \frac{1}{x^2+2}$

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

$\sum \frac{1}{x^2+2}\geq \frac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2+6}=\frac{9}{12+6}=\frac{1}{2}$

$\Rightarrow \sum \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^3+1}}\geq 2.\frac{1}{2}=1$
Ta có đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z=2$

Hùng Hoàng

Câu hỏi khác của Hùng Hoàng

\(gt\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\)

\(P=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}+z\sqrt{2y^2+xy+2x^2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(x+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2}\right)\)

\(\ge\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left[x.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(z+y\right)}{2}+y.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+z\right)}{2}+z.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+y\right)}{2}\right]\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(z+y\right)}{2yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+z\right)}{2xz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+y\right)}{2xy}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1+1+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\) (bunhia)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=9\)

 Thấy : \(\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)>0\) 

CMTT : \(\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+z\right)\)  ; \(\sqrt{2y^2+xy+2x^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+y\right)\) 

Suy ra : \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{xyz}.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left[x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{5}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) 

Ta có : \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}=\sqrt{xyz}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\) 

Mặt khác :   \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Suy ra : \(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\)

" = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xy}}\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{yz}}\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+z^3+x^3}}{xz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xz}}\)

=>\(VT>=\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)=3\sqrt{3}\)