a) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

_b) 25^oC và 1bar ⇒ đkc

ⁿZn = \(\dfrac{19,5}{65}\)= 0,3(mol)

ⁿH₂ = \(\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}\)=0,3(mol)

^VH₂ = 0,3 . 24,79 = 7,437(l)

c) 200 ml = 0,2l

^CM ZnCl₂ = \(\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}\)=1,5M

1////          nAl=0,4mol   

2Al     +      6HCl -----> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

0,4mol      1,2mol         0,4mol    0,6 mol

a/ V_H2=0,6.22,4=13,44 l

b/ V=1,2/2=0,6 l

C_AlCl3=0,4/0,6=2/3 M

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

           0,4-->0,6---------->0,2------->0,6

=> \(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\)

b) V_H2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)

c) \(C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\) 
           0,4     0,6                   0,2             0,6 
\(C_M_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\\ V_{H_2}=0,622,4=13,44L\) 
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=1,3M\)

a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\); n_HCl = 0,2.2,5 = 0,5 (mol)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => Mg hết, HCl dư

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

            0,2--->0,4----->0,2---->0,2

=> V_H2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(HCl.dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,5-0,4}{0,2}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

200ml = 0,2l

\(n_{HCl}=2,5.0,2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)

         1         2               1           1

        0,2      0,5            0,2         0,2

a) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\)

                     ⇒ Mg phản ứng hết , HCl dư

                     ⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Mg

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

  \(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-\left(0,2.2\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{MMgCl2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{MddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,8}{6}\) => Al hết, HCl dư

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            0,2-->0,6---->0,2----->0,3

=> V_H2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,8-0,6\right).36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m_{chất tan} = 26,7 + 7,3 = 34 (g)

c) m_{dd sau pư} = 5,4 + 200 - 0,3.2 = 204,8 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{204,8}.100\%=13,04\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7,3}{204,8}.100\%=3,56\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) 
           0,2                       0,2       0,3 
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72L\\ m_{AlCl_3}=133,5.0,2=26,7g\\ m_{\text{dd}}=5,4+200-\left(0,3.2\right)=204,8g\\ C\%=\dfrac{26,7}{204,8}.100\%=13\%\)

a)

\(n_{Al} = \dfrac{0,54}{27} = 0,02(mol) \\n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,1.0,5 = 0,05(mol) \)

PTHH : \(2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2\)

Theo PTHH , ta thấy :

\(n_{Al}.\dfrac{3}{2} = 0,03(mol) < n_{H_2SO_4}\) nên H₂SO₄ dư.

Ta có : \(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe} = 0,03(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,03.22,4 = 0,672(lít)\)

b)

Ta có : 

\(n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,03(mol)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,05 - 0,03 = 0,02(mol)\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,5n_{Al} = 0,01(mol)\)

Vậy :

\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,02}{0,1} = 0,2M\\ C_{M_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}} = \dfrac{0,01}{0,1} = 0,1M\)

PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

a, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.0,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,05}{3}\) , ta được Al dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

b, Dung dịch sau pư chỉ gồm Al₂(SO₄)₃.

Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{60}}{0,1}\approx0,16\left(M\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot0,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,05}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Al còn dư, H₂SO₄ phản ứng hết

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,05mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{60}}{0,1}\approx0,17\left(M\right)\)

\(a) n_{Fe_2O_3}= \dfrac{8}{160} = 0,05(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ n_{FeCl_3} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{FeCl_3} = 0,1.162,5 = 16,25(gam)\\ b) n_{HCl} = 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05.6 = 0,3(mol)\\ V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{0,5} = 0,6(lít)\\ c) V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = V_{dd\ HCl} =0,6(lít)\\ C_{M_{FeCl_3}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,6} = 0,167M\)

PTHH:\(Fe_2O_3+HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

a, Bảo toàn nguyên tố Fe:

\(n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_3}=162,5.0,1=16,25\left(g\right)\)

b, Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl:

\(n_{Hcl}=n_{Cl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{n_{HCL}}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)

c,\(C_{M_{FeCl_3}}=\dfrac{n_{FeCl_3}}{V_{ddFeCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,6}=0,17M\)

Cho em hỏi M là j ạ