a)
\(n_{Al} = \dfrac{0,54}{27} = 0,02(mol) \\n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,1.0,5 = 0,05(mol) \)
PTHH : \(2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2\)
Theo PTHH , ta thấy :
\(n_{Al}.\dfrac{3}{2} = 0,03(mol) < n_{H_2SO_4}\) nên H2SO4 dư.
Ta có : \(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe} = 0,03(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,03.22,4 = 0,672(lít)\)
b)
Ta có :
\(n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,03(mol)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,05 - 0,03 = 0,02(mol)\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,5n_{Al} = 0,01(mol)\)
Vậy :
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,02}{0,1} = 0,2M\\ C_{M_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}} = \dfrac{0,01}{0,1} = 0,1M\)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.0,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,05}{3}\) , ta được Al dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b, Dung dịch sau pư chỉ gồm Al2(SO4)3.
Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{60}}{0,1}\approx0,16\left(M\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot0,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,05}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Al còn dư, H2SO4 phản ứng hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,05mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{60}}{0,1}\approx0,17\left(M\right)\)