a,

S  =     1 -  3 + 3² - 3³+...+3⁹⁸ - 3⁹⁹

S  =   3⁰ - 3¹ + 3² - 3³+...+ 3⁹⁸ - 3⁹⁹

xét dãy số: 0; 1; 2; 3;...;99 

Dãy số trên là dãy số cách đều với khoảng cách là: 1 - 0 = 1

Dãy số trên có số số hạng là: (99 - 0): 1 + 1 = 100 (số)

100 : 4 = 25

Vậy ta nhóm 4 số hạng liên tiếp của tổng S thành 1 nhóm thì: 

S = ( 1 - 3 + 3² - 3³) +....+( 3⁹⁶ - 3⁹⁷ + 3⁹⁸ - 3⁹⁹)

S = - 20+...+ 3⁹⁶.(1 - 3 + 3² - 3³)

S = - 20 +...+ 3⁹⁶.(-20)

S = -20.( 3⁰ + ...+ 3⁹⁶) (đpcm)

b,

  S           = 1 - 3 + 3² - 3³+...+ 3⁹⁸ - 3⁹⁹

3S          =      3  - 3² + 3³-...-3⁹⁸  + 3⁹⁹ - 3¹⁰⁰

3S + S   =    - 3¹⁰⁰ + 1

4S        = - 3¹⁰⁰ + 1 

 S        = ( -3¹⁰⁰ + 1): 4

S        = - ( 3¹⁰⁰ - 1) : 4

Vì S là số nguyên nên 3¹⁰⁰ - 1 ⋮ 4 ⇒ 3¹⁰⁰ : 4 dư 1 (đpcm)

S = (1 - 3 + 3² - 3³) + 3⁴ . (1 - 3 + 3² - 3³) + .... + 3⁹⁶ . (1 - 3 + 3² - 3³)

S = (-20) + 3⁴ . (-20) +.... + 3⁹⁶ . (-20)

S = (-20) . (1 + 3⁴ +...+ 3⁹⁶) 

\(\Rightarrow\)S \(⋮\) 20 

(Ko bt có đúng ko)

*KO CHÉP MẠNG*

\(S=1-3+3^2-3^3+...+3^{98}-3^{99}=\left(1-3+3^2-3^3\right)+3^4\left(1-3+3^3-3^3\right)+...+3^{96}\left(1-3+3^2-3^3\right)=\left(-20\right)+3^4.\left(-20\right)+...+3^{96}.\left(-20\right)=\left(-20\right)\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮20\)

Ta có: \(S=1-3+3^2-3^3+...+3^{98}-3^{99}\)

\(=\left(1-3+3^2-3^3\right)+...+3^{96}\left(1-3+3^2-3^3\right)\)

\(=-20\cdot\left(1+...+3^{96}\right)⋮20\)

\(S=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{96}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)

\(=13+3^3.13+...+3^{96}.13=13\left(1+3^3+...+3^{96}\right)⋮13\)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{25^{28}+25^{24}+25^{20}+...+25^4+1}{25^{30}+25^{28}+...+25^2+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{25^{24}\left(25^4+1\right)+25^{16}\left(25^4+1\right)+...+\left(25^4+1\right)}{25^{28}\left(25^2+1\right)+25^{24}\left(25^2+1\right)+...+\left(25^2+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(25^4+1\right)\left(25^{24}+25^{16}+25^8+1\right)}{\left(25^2+1\right)\left(25^{28}+25^{24}+...+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(25^4+1\right)\cdot\left[25^{16}\left(25^8+1\right)+\left(25^8+1\right)\right]}{\left(25^2+1\right)\left[25^{24}\left(25^4+1\right)+25^{16}\left(25^4+1\right)+25^8\left(25^4+1\right)+\left(25^4+1\right)\right]}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(25^4+1\right)\left(25^8+1\right)\left(25^{16}+1\right)}{\left(25^2+1\right)\left(25^4+1\right)\left(25^{24}+25^{16}+25^8+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(25^8+1\right)\left(25^{16}+1\right)}{\left(25^2+1\right)\left[25^{16}\left(25^8+1\right)+\left(25^8+1\right)\right]}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(25^8+1\right)\left(25^{16}+1\right)}{\left(25^2+1\right)\left(25^8+1\right)\left(25^{16}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{25^2+1}=\dfrac{1}{626}\)

Bài 1:

\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7;5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\\ Vì:128^7>125^7\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)

Bài 2:

\(a,S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{99}\\ =\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{96}.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\\ =40+3^4.40+...+3^{96}.40\\ =40.\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\\ b,S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{62}\\ =\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3.\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...+4^{60}.\left(1+4+4^2\right)\\ =21+4^3.21+...+4^{60}.21\\ =21.\left(1+4^3+...+4^{60}\right)⋮21\)

Bài 1 :

\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7\)

\(5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\)

mà \(125^7< 128^7\)

\(\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)

Bài 2 :

a) \(S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...3^{99}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)...+3^{96}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow S=40+40.3^4+...+40.3^{96}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=40\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

b) \(S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...4^{62}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...4^{60}\left(1+4+4^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow S=21+4^3.21+...4^{60}.21\)

\(\Rightarrow S=21\left(1+4^3+...4^{60}\right)⋮21\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

b ) mình đang ngĩ . mình làm ý a nha

S = ( 1 - 3 + 3² - 3³ ) + ( 3⁴ - 3⁵ + 3⁶ - 3⁷ ) + .... + ( 3⁹⁶ - 3⁹⁷ + 3⁹⁸ - 3⁹⁹ )

= ( 1 - 3 + 3² - 3³ ) + 3⁴ ( 1 - 3 + 3² - 3³ ) + .... + 3⁹⁶ ( 1 - 3 + 3² - 3³ )

= ( 1 - 3 + 9 - 27 ) + 3⁴ ( 1 - 3 + 9 - 27 ) + ... + 3⁹⁶ ( 1 - 3 + 9 - 27 )

= - 20 + 3⁴ ( - 20 ) + .... + 3⁹⁶ ( - 20 ) 

= - 20( 1 + 3⁴ + .... + 3⁹⁶ ) chia hết cho - 20 ( đpcm )

S = (1 - 3 + 3² - 3³) + (3⁴ - 3⁵ + 3⁶ - 3⁷) + .... + ( 3⁹⁶ - 3⁹⁷ + 3⁹⁸ - 3⁹⁹)

= (1 - 3 + 3² - 3³) + 3⁴(1 - 3 + 3² - 3³) + .... + 3⁹⁶(1 - 3 + 3² - 3³)

= (1 - 3 + 9 - 27) + 3⁴(1 - 3 + 9 - 27) + ..... + 3⁹⁶(1 - 3 + 9 - 27)

= - 20 + 3⁴( - 20 ) + .... + 3⁹⁶( - 20 )

= - 20( 1 + 3⁴ + .... + 3⁹⁶) chia hết cho - 20 ( đpcm )