A= -x²+2x+3

=>A= -(x²-2x+3)

=>A= -(x²-2.x.1+1+3-1)

=>A=-[(x-1)²+2]

=>A= -(x+1)²-2

Vì -(x+1)² ≤0=> A≤-2

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi

-(x+1)²=0 => x=-1

Vây A lớn nhất= -2 khi x= -1

B=x²-2x+4y²-4y+8

=> B= (x²-2x+1)+(4y²-4y+1)+6

=> B=(x-1)²+(2y+1)²+6

=> B lớn nhất=6 khi x=1 và y=-1/2

Lần sau bạn chú ý viết đầy đủ yêu cầu của đề bài.

a) \(A=x^2+x-2=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

b) \(B=-x^2+4x+5=-\left(x^2-4x-5\right)=-\left(x-5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

c) \(C=9x^2-6x+3=3\left(3x^2-2x+1\right)\)

\(\left(x+1\right)^2-3\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1-3\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)

\(2x\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)^2=\left(x-2\right)\left[2x-\left(x-2\right)\right]=\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-x+2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

\(4x^2-20xy+25y^2=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.5y+\left(5y\right)^2=\left(2x-5y\right)^2\)

\(x^2+3x-x-3=x\left(x+3\right)-\left(x+3\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

\(x^2-xy+x-y=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

\(2y\left(x+2\right)-3x-6=2y\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(2y-3\right)\)

Bài 6:

a) Ta có: \(A=-x^2+6x-11\)

\(=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2\le-2\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3

b) Ta có: \(B=-x^2-8x+5\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x-5\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-21\right)\)

\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21\le21\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-4

c) Ta có: \(C=-x^2+4x+1\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x-1\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4-5\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\le5\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2

Bài 7:

a) Ta có: \(x^2-6x+11\)

\(=x^2-6x+9+2\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3

\(a,-x^2+2x+5=-\left(x^2-2x-5\right)=-\left(x^2-2x+1-6\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2+6\le6\)

dấu'=' xảy ra<=>x=1=>Max A=6

\(b,B=-x^2-y^2+4x+4y+2=-x^2+4x-4-y^2+4x-4+10\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-4x+4\right)+10\)

\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2+10=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right]+10\le10\)

dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=2=>Max B=10

\(c,C=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)

dấu'=' xảy ra<=>x=1,y=-3=>MinC=2

B

Bài 1:

a: \(A=x^2+2x+4\)

\(=x^2+2x+1+3\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+3>=3\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+1=0

=>x=-1

Vậy: \(A_{min}=3\) khi x=-1

b: \(B=x^2-20x+101\)

\(=x^2-20x+100+1\)

\(=\left(x-10\right)^2+1>=1\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-10=0

=>x=10

Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi x=10

c: \(C=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+8\)

\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4+3\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3>=3\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1=0 và y+2=0

=>x=1 và y=-2

Vậy: \(C_{min}=3\) khi (x,y)=(1;-2)

Bài 2:

a: \(A=5-8x-x^2\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x\right)+5\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-16\right)+5\)

\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+16+5=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21< =21\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+4=0

=>x=-4

b: \(B=x-x^2\)

\(=-\left(x^2-x\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}< =\dfrac{1}{4}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)

=>\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

c: \(C=4x-x^2+3\)

\(=-x^2+4x-4+7\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7\)

\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7< =7\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0

=>x=2

d: \(D=-x^2+6x-11\)

\(=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2-6x+9+2\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2< =-2\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-3=0

=>x=3

a) \(xy+3x+y=8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+3x\right)+\left(y+3\right)=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(y+3\right)+\left(y+3\right)=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y+3\right)=11=1.11=\left(-1\right).\left(-11\right)\)

Ta xét các TH sau:

+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=1\\y+3=11\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=8\end{cases}}\)

+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=11\\y+3=1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=10\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)

+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=-1\\y+3=-11\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=-14\end{cases}}\)

+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=-11\\y+3=-1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-12\\y=-4\end{cases}}\)

Vậy ta có 4 cặp số (x;y) thỏa mãn: (0;8) ; (10;-2) ; (-2;-14) ; (-12;-4)

a. xy + 3x + y = 8

=> x ( y + 3 ) + ( y + 3 ) = 8 + 3 = 11

=> ( x + 1 ) ( y + 3 ) = 11

Vậy các cặp ( x ; y ) thỏa mãn đề bài là ( 10 ; - 2 ) ; ( 0 ; 8 ) ; ( - 12 ; - 4 ) ; ( - 2 ; - 14 )

b. Không rõ đề

b) \(x^2+y^2+2x-4y=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)=10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=10=1^2+3^2=1+9\)

Mà x,y nguyên và \(\left(x+1\right)^2;\left(y-2\right)^2\) là các SCP nên ta xét các TH sau:

+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2=1\\\left(y-2\right)^2=9\end{cases}}\) => \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=1\\x+1=-1\end{cases}}\) và \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y-2=3\\y-2=-3\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-2\end{cases}}\) và \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y=5\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)

+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2=9\\\left(y-2\right)^2=1\end{cases}}\) => \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=3\\x+1=-3\end{cases}}\) và \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y-2=1\\y-2=-1\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=-4\end{cases}}\) và \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y=3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy ta có các cặp số (x;y) thỏa mãn: (0;5) ; (0;-1) ; (-2;5) ; (-2;-1) ; (2;3) ; (2;1) ; (-4;3) ; (-4;1)

Tham khảo nhé b (avt dĩa huông ghê :))

a) Ta có: \(A=y^2-4y+9\)

\(=y^2-4y+4+5\)

\(=\left(y-2\right)^2+5\ge5\forall y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi y=2

b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)

\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)