Đáp án D

Cho x,y > 0 thỏa mãn 2 ( x 2 + y 2 ) + x y = ( x + y ) ( 2 + x y ) ⇔ 2 ( x + y ) 2 - ( 2 + x y ) ( x + y ) - 3 x y = 0   (*)

Đặt x + y = u x y = v  ta đc PT bậc II: 2 u 2 - ( v + 2 ) u - 3 = 0  gải ra ta được  u = v + 2 + v 2 + 28 v + 4 4

Ta có P = 4 ( x 3 y 3 + y 3 x 3 ) - 9 ( x 2 y 2 + y 2 x 2 ) = 4 ( x y + y x ) 3 - 9 ( x y + y x ) 2 - 12 ( x y + y x ) + 18  , đặt t = ( x y + y x ) , ( t ≥ 2 ) ⇒ P = 4 t 3 - 9 t 2 - 12 t + 18  ; P ' = 6 ( 2 t 2 - 3 t + 2 ) ≥ 0  với ∀ t ≥ 2 ⇒ M i n P = P ( t 0 )  trong đó t 0 = m i n t = m i n ( x y + y x )  với x,y thỏa mãn điều kiện (*).

Ta có :

t = ( x y + y x ) = ( x + y ) 2 x y - 2 = u 2 v - 2 = ( v + 2 + v 2 + 28 v + 4 ) 2 16 v - 2 = 1 16 ( v + 2 v + v + 4 v + 28 ) 2 - 2 ≥ 1 16 ( 2 2 + 32 ) 2 - 2 = 5 2

Vậy  m i n P = P ( 5 2 ) = 4 . ( 5 2 ) 2 - 9 ( 5 2 ) 2 - 12 . 5 2 + 18 = - 23 4

Không nhìn thấy bất cứ chữ nào của đề bài cả 

1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:

\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).

2.

\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)

Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)

\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )

\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)

\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)

3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)

\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(x^2y^2-x^2-3y^2-2x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2\left(x^2-3\right)-\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2\left(x^2-3\right)=\left(x+1\right)^2\left(1\right)\)

Vì y² và (x+1)² đều là các số chính phương, do đó x²-3 cũng phải là số chính phương.

Đặt \(x^2-3=a^2\) (a là số tự nhiên).

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-a\right)\left(x+a\right)=3\)

Ta có x+a>x-a. Lập bảng:

Với \(x=2\) . \(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow y^2=9\Leftrightarrow y=\pm3\)

Với \(x=-2\). \(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow y^2=1\Leftrightarrow y=\pm1\)

Vậy các số nguyên \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;3\right),\left(2;-3\right),\left(-2;1\right),\left(-2;-1\right)\)

B1

a, \(=>A=\left(x+y+x-y\right)\left(x+y-x+y\right)=2x.2y=4xy\)

b, \(=>B=\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]^2=\left[x+y-x+y\right]^2=\left[2y\right]^2=4y^2\)

c,\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(=\)\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x^3+1^3\right)\left(x^3-1^3\right)=x^6-1\)

d, \(\left(a+b-c\right)^2+\left(a-b+c\right)^2-2\left(b-c\right)^2\)

\(=\left(a+b-c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-b+c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)

\(=\left(a+b-c+b-c\right)\left(a+b-c-b+c\right)\)

\(+\left(a-b+c+b-c\right)\left(a-b+c-b+c\right)\)

\(=a\left(a+2b-2c\right)+a\left(a-2b\right)\)

\(=a\left(a+2b-2c+a-2b\right)=a\left(2a-2c\right)=2a^2-2ac\)

B2:

\(\)\(x+y=3=>\left(x+y\right)^2=9=>x^2+2xy+y^2=9\)

\(=>xy=\dfrac{9-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2}=\dfrac{9-\left(17\right)}{2}=-4\)

\(=>x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=3\left(17+4\right)=63\)

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy+y^2\)

=4xy

b) Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x+y-x+y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(2y\right)^2=4y^2\)

c) Ta có: \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)

\(=x^6-1\)

d) Ta có: \(\left(a+b-c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(b-c\right)^2\)

\(=\left(a+b-c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)

\(=\left(a+b-c-b+c\right)\left(a+b-c+b-c\right)+\left(a+b+c-b+c\right)\left(a+b+c+b-c\right)\)

\(=a\cdot\left(a+2b-2c\right)+\left(a+2c\right)\left(a-2b\right)\)

\(=a^2+2ab-2ac+a^2-2ab+2ac-4bc\)

\(=2a^2-4bc\)

Bài 2: 

Ta có: x+y=3

nên \(\left(x+y\right)^2=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2xy+17=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2xy=-8\)

hay xy=-4

Ta có: \(x^3+y^3\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=3^3-3\cdot\left(-4\right)\cdot3\)

\(=27+36=63\)