câu 1

CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O

0,6--------0,6-----0,6

n CuO=0,6 mol

=>VH2=0,6.22,4=13,44l

câu 2

PT: 2KClO₃ ---t^o---> 2KCl + 3O₂.

Ta có: n_KClO3=24,5/122,5=0,2(mol)

Theo PT: n_O2=3/2 . 0,2=0,3(mol)

=> V_O2=0,3.22,4=6,72(lít)

câu 3

 Fe+2HCl->FeCl₂+H₂

0,25--0,5-------------0,25

n Fe=0,25 mol

=>VH2=0,25.22,4=5,6l

=>CM H2SO4=\(\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}\)=2,5M

a) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

                 1<-----------------------------0,5

=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=1.158=158\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{80}{160}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂ --t^o--> 2Fe + 3H₂O

              0,5--->1,5

=> \(V_{H_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\) => CuO dư, H₂ hết

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

            0,05<-0,05---->0,05-->0,05

=> \(n_{Cu\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

m_Cu = 0,05.64 = 3,2 (g)

V_H2O = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)

a)\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)

   \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

    1                                                   0,5

   \(M_{KMnO_4}=1\cdot158=158g\)

b)\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{80}{160}=0,5mol\)

   \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)

   0,5          1,5

   \(V_{H_2}=1,15\cdot22,4=25,76l\)

CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O

0,2-----0,2

n CuO=\(\dfrac{16}{80}\)=0,2 mol

=>VH2=0,2.22,4=4,48l

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m_{CuO}}{M_{CuO}}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2mol\)

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)

0,2       0,2                          ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)

\(pthh:CuO+H_2\overset{t^o}{--->}Cu+H_2O\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo pt: \(n_{H_2}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(lít\right)\)

16 nCO2=0,2mol

PTHH: 2CO+O2=>2CO2

         0,2<--0,1<---0,2

=> mO2=0,2.32=6,4g

=> khối lượng Oxi phản ứng với H2 là :

9,6-6,4=3,2g

=> nH2O=3,2:32=0,1mol

PTHH: 2H+O2=>H2O

b)

           0,2<-0,1<-0,2

=> mH2=2.0,2=0,4g

mCO =0,2.28=5,6g

=> m hh=5,6+0,4=6g

CuO+H2-to--->Cu+H2O 

0,6----0,6
nCuO =48/80=0,6 (mol)
==>VH2 =0,6×22,4=13.44(l)

17.

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200.19,6\%=39,2g\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2}{98}=0,4mol\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

0,1 <   0,4                                 ( mol )

0,1       0,1              0,1        0,1   ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)

Chất còn dư là H2SO4

\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,1\right).98=29,4g\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2g\\m_{H_2}=0,1.2=0,2g\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{ddspứ}=5,6+200-0,1.2=205,4g\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2}{205,4}.100=7,4\%\\C\%_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{205,4}.100=0,09\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{29,4}{205,4}.100=14,31\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.19,6}{100}=39,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
pthh : \(Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_4+H_2\)
 LTL: 
\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\)
=> H2SO4 dư 
=> \(n_{H_2}=0,1mol\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(L\right)\)
theo pthh :\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(d\right)}=0,4-0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=98.0,3.29,4\left(g\right)\)
ta có mdd =5,6+39,2 = 44,8 (g)
\(C\%=\dfrac{5,6}{44,8}.100\%=12,55\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,8}{27}=\dfrac{1}{15}mol\)

\(2Al+6H_2O\rightarrow2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(Al\left(OH\right)_3+KOH_{dư}\rightarrow KAlO_2+H_2O\)

\(\Rightarrow2Al+2KOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2KAlO_2+3H_2\)

     \(\dfrac{1}{15}\)                               \(\rightarrow\)                    \(0,1\)

\(V=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)

$Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow 2Fe+3H_2O$

$Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2$

Gọi số mol Fe2O3 là a

Ta có: $n_{H_2/(1)}=3a(mol);n_{H_2/(2)}=2a(mol)$

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{V}{V'}=\dfrac{n_{H_2\left(1\right)}}{n_{H_2\left(2\right)}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Câu 9:

\(n_{CH_3CHO}=\dfrac{5,28}{44}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CH_3CHO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}CH_3CH_2OH\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{CH_3CHO}=0,12\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,12.22,4=2,688\left(l\right)\)

Đáp án: A

Câu 12:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(C_2H_5OH+Na\rightarrow C_2H_5ONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_5OH}=2n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,3.46=13,8\left(g\right)\)

Đáp án: D

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{48}{80}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Cu+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{CuO}=48\left(g\right)\rightarrow n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m_{CuO}}{M_{CuO}}=\dfrac{48}{1.64+1.16}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

\(pt:\)          \(1mol\)    \(1mol\)

\(đb:\)        \(0,6mol\)   \(0,6mol\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)