1.

\(x^4-6x^2-12x-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^2+1-4x^2-12x-9=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)^2=\left(2x+3\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-1=2x+3\\x^2-1=-2x-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x-4=0\\x^2+2x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm\sqrt{5}\)

3.

ĐK: \(x\ge-9\)

\(x^4-x^3-8x^2+9x-9+\left(x^2-x+1\right)\sqrt{x+9}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x+9}+x^2-9\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+9}+x^2-9=0\left(1\right)\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+9}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\Rightarrow9=t^2-x\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t+x^2+x-t^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+t\right)\left(x-t+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-t\\x=t-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\sqrt{x+9}\\x=\sqrt{x+9}-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

2.

ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{2\pm\sqrt{2}}{2};x\ne\dfrac{-2\pm\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{x}{2x^2+4x+1}+\dfrac{x}{2x^2-4x+1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2x+\dfrac{1}{x}+4}+\dfrac{1}{2x+\dfrac{1}{x}-4}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Đặt \(2x+\dfrac{1}{x}+4=a;2x+\dfrac{1}{x}-4=b\left(a,b\ne0\right)\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(1\right)\)

Lại có \(a-b=8\Rightarrow a=b+8\), khi đó:

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{b+8}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2b+8}{\left(b+8\right)b}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow10b+40=3\left(b+8\right)b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=2\\b=-\dfrac{20}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: \(b=2\Leftrightarrow...\)

TH2: \(b=-\dfrac{20}{3}\Leftrightarrow...\)

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1. \(\sqrt{x^2-4x+3}=x-2\)

<=> x² - 4x + 3 = (x - 2)²

<=> x² - 4x + 3 = x² - 4x + 4

<=> x² - x² - 4x + 4x = 1

<=> 0 = 1 (Vô lí)

vậy PT có nghiệm là S = \(\varnothing\)

2. \(\sqrt{4x^2-4x+1}=x-1\)

<=> \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=x-1\)

<=> 2x - 1 = x - 1

<=> 2x - x = -1 + 1

<=> x = 0

1: ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2-4x+3}=x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+3=x^2-4x+4\)(vô lý)

2: Ta có: \(\sqrt{4x^2-4x+1}=x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1-x+1\right)\left(2x-1+x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(3x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

1: =>x^2-x=3-x

=>x^2=3

=>x=căn 3 hoặc x=-căn 3

2: =>x^2-4x+3=x^2-4x+4 và x>=2

=>3=4(vô lý)

3: =>2|x-1|=6

=>|x-1|=3

=>x-1=3 hoặc x-1=-3

=>x=-2 hoặc x=4

4: =>|2x-3|=|x-2|

=>2x-3=x-2 hoặc 2x-3=-x+2

=>x=1 hoặc x=5/3

5: =>\(\sqrt{x+2}\left(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x+2}\right)=0\)

=>x+2=0

=>x=-2

\(a/\)

\(4x-4y+x^2-2xy+y^2\)

\(=\left(4x-4y\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=4\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(4+x-y\right)\)

\(b/\)

\(x^4-4x^3-8x^2+8x\)

\(=\left(x^4+8x\right)-\left(4x^3+8x^2\right)\)

\(=x\left(x^3+8\right)-4x^2\left(x+2\right)\)

\(=x\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-4x^2\left(x+2\right)\)

\(=x\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4-4x\right)\)

\(=x\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-6x-4\right)\)

\(d/\)

\(x^4-x^2+2x-1\)

\(=x^4-\left(x-1\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x^2+x-1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(e/\)(Xem lại đề)

\(x^4+x^3+x^2+2x+1\)

\(=\left(x^4+x^3\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\)

\(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+x+1\right)\)

\(f/\)

\(x^3-4x^2+4x-1\)

\(=x\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-1^2\)

\(=x\left(x-2\right)^2-1\)

\(=[\sqrt{x}\left(x-2\right)]^2-1\)

\(=[\sqrt{x}\left(x-2\right)-1][\sqrt{x}\left(x-2\right)+1]\)

\(c/\)

\(x^3+x^2-4x-4\)

\(=\left(x^3-2x^2\right)+\left(3x^2-6x\right)+\left(2x-4\right)\)

\(=x^2\left(x-2\right)+3x\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)[\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(2x+2\right)]\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

d) \(\frac{4x^2-12x+9}{9-4x^2}=-\frac{\left(2x+3\right)^2}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)}=\frac{2x+3}{2x-3}\)

Lời giải:

a. $\sqrt{x^2}=1$

$\Leftrightarrow |x|=1$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\pm 1$

b. $\sqrt{4x^2-4x+1}=3$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(2x-1)^2}=3$
$\Leftrightarrow |2x-1|=3$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x-1=\pm 3$

$\Leftrightarrow x=-1$ hoặc $x=2$

3. ĐKXĐ: $x^2\geq 4$

$\sqrt{x^2-4}+\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}=0$

Do $\sqrt{x^2-4}\geq 0; \sqrt{x^2+4x+4}\geq 0$ với mọi $x\in$ ĐKXĐ nên để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì:

$\sqrt{x^2-4}=\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x+2)=(x+2)^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=-2$

4. 

PT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-3\geq 0\\ x^2-4x+3=(x-3)^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 3\\ x^2-4x+3=x^2-6x+9\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 3\\ 2x=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

Ý 1:

\(\sqrt{x^2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|=1\\ Vậy:x=1.hoặc.x=-1\\ S=\left\{\pm1\right\}\)

Ý 2:

\(\sqrt{4x^2-4x+1}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=3\\2x-1=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy:S=\left\{-1;2\right\}\)

3: =>\(\sqrt{x+2}\left(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x+2}\right)=0\)

=>căn x+2=0

=>x+2=0

=>x=-2

4: =>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=3\\x^2-4x+3=x^2-6x+9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

1: Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=4x+17\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+6x+9-x^2+4-4x=17\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

3: Ta có: \(\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)+\left(2x-3\right)\left(1-x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x+3x-3+2x-2x^2-3+3x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x=6\)

hay x=1

a) \(4x-4y+x^2-2xy+y^2\)

\(=4\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(4+x-y\right)\)

b) \(x^4-4x^3-8x^2+8x\)

\(=x^4+2x^3-6x^3-12x^2+4x^2+8x\)

\(=x^3\left(x+2\right)-6x^2\left(x+2\right)+4x\left(x+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^3-6x^2+4x\right)\)

\(=x\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-6x+4\right)\)

c) \(x^3+x^2-4x-4\)

\(=x^3-2x^2+3x^2-6x+2x-4\)

\(=x^2\left(x-2\right)+3x\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+x+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)+\left(x+2\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

d) \(x^4-x^2+2x-1\)

\(=x^4-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)

\(=x^4-\left(x-1\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x^2\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-1\right)\)

e)Sửa đề \(x^4+x^3+x^2-1\)

\(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+x-1\right)\)

f) \(x^3-4x^2+4x-1\)

\(=x^3-x^2-3x^2+3x+x-1\)

\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)-3x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-3x+1\right)\)